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Background <p>Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder marked by cognitive decline and reduced quality of life. Exercise interventions are considered a promising non-pharmacological strategy to enhance cognition and well-being in AD patients. However, effects across different cognitive domains and quality of life remain unclear due to variations in study designs, intervention types, and outcome measures.</p> Objective <p>This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effects of exercise interventions on cognitive function, executive function, memory, and quality of life in AD patients by synthesizing evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs).</p> Methods <p>We conducted a comprehensive search in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science. Forty-five studies met inclusion criteria and were included in the quantitative synthesis. Primary outcomes included global cognition, executive function, memory, and quality of life. Meta-analyses were performed using standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Risk of bias was assessed via the Cochrane tool, and heterogeneity was quantified using the I² statistic.</p> Results <p>Exercise interventions Significantly improved global cognition, with SMDs of 0.30 (95% CI: 0.17–0.43, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.00001) for MMSE and 0.39 (95% CI: 0.08–0.70, <i>p</i> = 0.01) for MoCA, with low heterogeneity (I² = 36% and 0%). ADAS-Cog showed a small, non-significant effect (SMD = − 0.09, 95% CI: − 0.35 to 0.17, <i>p</i> = 0.49). Executive function (SMD = 0.13, <i>p</i> = 0.09) and memory (SMD = 0.09, <i>p</i> = 0.34) did not improve significantly. Quality of life improved significantly (SMD = 0.17, 95% CI: 0.03–0.31, <i>p</i> = 0.02; I² = 5%), measured using tools such as QOL-AD and Qualidem.</p> Conclusion <p>Evidence suggests that structured, multimodal exercise programs—combining aerobic (≥ 150&#xa0;min/week), resistance (2–3 times/week), and balance training (2–3 times/week) for at least 12 weeks with individualized intensity—may improve global cognition and quality of life in Alzheimer’s disease patients.</p>

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The comprehensive impact of exercise interventions on cognitive function and quality of life in alzheimer’s disease patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月10日

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  • Peng Li,
  • Yue He,
  • Min He

摘要

Background

Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder marked by cognitive decline and reduced quality of life. Exercise interventions are considered a promising non-pharmacological strategy to enhance cognition and well-being in AD patients. However, effects across different cognitive domains and quality of life remain unclear due to variations in study designs, intervention types, and outcome measures.

Objective

This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effects of exercise interventions on cognitive function, executive function, memory, and quality of life in AD patients by synthesizing evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Methods

We conducted a comprehensive search in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science. Forty-five studies met inclusion criteria and were included in the quantitative synthesis. Primary outcomes included global cognition, executive function, memory, and quality of life. Meta-analyses were performed using standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Risk of bias was assessed via the Cochrane tool, and heterogeneity was quantified using the I² statistic.

Results

Exercise interventions Significantly improved global cognition, with SMDs of 0.30 (95% CI: 0.17–0.43, p < 0.00001) for MMSE and 0.39 (95% CI: 0.08–0.70, p = 0.01) for MoCA, with low heterogeneity (I² = 36% and 0%). ADAS-Cog showed a small, non-significant effect (SMD = − 0.09, 95% CI: − 0.35 to 0.17, p = 0.49). Executive function (SMD = 0.13, p = 0.09) and memory (SMD = 0.09, p = 0.34) did not improve significantly. Quality of life improved significantly (SMD = 0.17, 95% CI: 0.03–0.31, p = 0.02; I² = 5%), measured using tools such as QOL-AD and Qualidem.

Conclusion

Evidence suggests that structured, multimodal exercise programs—combining aerobic (≥ 150 min/week), resistance (2–3 times/week), and balance training (2–3 times/week) for at least 12 weeks with individualized intensity—may improve global cognition and quality of life in Alzheimer’s disease patients.