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Background <p>Extramedullary infiltration is a recognized manifestation of primary plasma cell leukemia (pPCL); however, presentation as a gastric mass&#xa0;is rarely reported. This report describes a rare case of pPCL complicated with prostate cancer, initially presenting as a gastric mass, and outlines the pathogenic mechanisms and clinical management course.</p> Case summary <p>A 68-year-old man presented with intermittent epigastric pain. Contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed a gastric mass measuring&#xa0;97&#xa0;mm × 131&#xa0;mm × 63&#xa0;mm, subsequently confirmed as an extramedullary plasmacytoma on pathological examination. Bone marrow biopsy and peripheral blood immunophenotyping established the diagnosis of pPCL with gastric involvement. In view of an elevated prostate-specific antigen level, a targeted prostate biopsy was performed, confirming concomitant prostate cancer. The patient received three cycles of the Dara-RVD regimen for pPCL, along with leuprolide acetate and bicalutamide for prostate cancer. Follow-up evaluation demonstrated partial remission of pPCL. </p> Conclusion <p>Additional case accumulation and further investigation of pathogenic mechanisms are warranted to optimize diagnostic approaches and improve therapeutic outcomes.</p>

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Uncommon initial presentation of a gastric mass in a patient with primary plasma cell leukemia: a case report

  • 期刊论文

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月3日

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  • Shao-juan Cui,
  • Hang Yin,
  • Chun-li Xu,
  • Yu Chen,
  • Zhao-ying Wu,
  • Dong-ping Huang

摘要

Background

Extramedullary infiltration is a recognized manifestation of primary plasma cell leukemia (pPCL); however, presentation as a gastric mass is rarely reported. This report describes a rare case of pPCL complicated with prostate cancer, initially presenting as a gastric mass, and outlines the pathogenic mechanisms and clinical management course.

Case summary

A 68-year-old man presented with intermittent epigastric pain. Contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed a gastric mass measuring 97 mm × 131 mm × 63 mm, subsequently confirmed as an extramedullary plasmacytoma on pathological examination. Bone marrow biopsy and peripheral blood immunophenotyping established the diagnosis of pPCL with gastric involvement. In view of an elevated prostate-specific antigen level, a targeted prostate biopsy was performed, confirming concomitant prostate cancer. The patient received three cycles of the Dara-RVD regimen for pPCL, along with leuprolide acetate and bicalutamide for prostate cancer. Follow-up evaluation demonstrated partial remission of pPCL.

Conclusion

Additional case accumulation and further investigation of pathogenic mechanisms are warranted to optimize diagnostic approaches and improve therapeutic outcomes.