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Background <p>In-hospital bleeding increases hospital stays and mortality. Prolonged mechanical ventilation and coagulopathy are known risk factors. <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) is associated with upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB), but its role in hospitalized patients remains unclear.</p> Objective <p>This study assessed the association between current <i>H. pylori</i> infection and UGIB in hospitalized patients.</p> Methods <p>We conducted an age- and gender-matched case-control study with prospective data collection at Naresuan University Hospital, Thailand, from June 2021 to June 2022. Current <i>H. pylori</i> infection was determined using rapid tests with current infection marker. Multivariable conditional logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between <i>H. pylori</i> and UGIB.</p> Results <p>Among 87 UGIB cases and 333 non-UGIB controls, the overall <i>H. pylori infection</i> prevalence was 32%. <i>H. pylori</i> infection was significantly associated with increased odds of in-hospital UGIB (adjusted OR: 1.97, 95% CI: 1.15–3.02). Prolonged mechanical ventilation was also linked to UGIB (adjusted OR: 2.23, 95% CI: 1.23–3.74).</p> Conclusions <p><i>H. pylori</i> infection, alongside mechanical ventilation, independently associates with the risk of nosocomial UGIB. Targeted testing for <i>H. pylori</i> in hospitalized patients with UGIB helps guide appropriate care.</p>

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Association between Helicobacter pylori infection and hospital-acquired upper gastrointestinal bleeding: a prospective case-control study

  • 期刊论文

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月18日

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  • Setthachai Piwchan,
  • Ekawee Sripariwuth,
  • Suppana Chuensakul

摘要

Background

In-hospital bleeding increases hospital stays and mortality. Prolonged mechanical ventilation and coagulopathy are known risk factors. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is associated with upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB), but its role in hospitalized patients remains unclear.

Objective

This study assessed the association between current H. pylori infection and UGIB in hospitalized patients.

Methods

We conducted an age- and gender-matched case-control study with prospective data collection at Naresuan University Hospital, Thailand, from June 2021 to June 2022. Current H. pylori infection was determined using rapid tests with current infection marker. Multivariable conditional logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between H. pylori and UGIB.

Results

Among 87 UGIB cases and 333 non-UGIB controls, the overall H. pylori infection prevalence was 32%. H. pylori infection was significantly associated with increased odds of in-hospital UGIB (adjusted OR: 1.97, 95% CI: 1.15–3.02). Prolonged mechanical ventilation was also linked to UGIB (adjusted OR: 2.23, 95% CI: 1.23–3.74).

Conclusions

H. pylori infection, alongside mechanical ventilation, independently associates with the risk of nosocomial UGIB. Targeted testing for H. pylori in hospitalized patients with UGIB helps guide appropriate care.