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Objective <p>This study aims to investigate the shared risk factors and the causal relationship between esophageal varices bleeding (EGVB) and portal vein thrombosis (PVT) in cirrhotic patients.</p> Methods <p>A retrospective analysis was conducted on data from 1,223 patients diagnosed with cirrhosis at the First Hospital of Quanzhou from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2023. After screening, 247 patients were included in a 10-year follow-up study. Differential analysis, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent risk factors for both PVT and EGVB. The inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) method was used to adjust for potential confounders and assess the impact of PVT on the incidence of EGVB.</p> Results <p>Increased portal vein diameter and reduced hemoglobin levels were identified as independent risk factors for both PVT and EGVB. The incidence of EGVB was higher than that of PVT, with a median time to occurrence of 2 months for EGVB and 16.93 months for PVT. Among patients who developed both complications, PVT occurred before EGVB in 61.43% of cases. IPTW analysis revealed that the incidence of EGVB was significantly higher in the PVT group compared to the non-PVT group (<i>P</i> = 0.043), indicating that PVT significantly increases the risk of EGVB.</p> Conclusion <p>Strategies to reduce portal vein pressure and improve anemia may help prevent both PVT and EGVB. Effective management of PVT is essential to reduce the incidence of EGVB in cirrhotic patients. Future research should involve larger sample sizes to further validate these findings.</p>

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Portal vein thrombosis and Esophageal-Gastric variceal bleeding in cirrhosis: shared risk factors and causal relationship

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月5日

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  • Chanchan Lin,
  • Yisen Huang

摘要

Objective

This study aims to investigate the shared risk factors and the causal relationship between esophageal varices bleeding (EGVB) and portal vein thrombosis (PVT) in cirrhotic patients.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted on data from 1,223 patients diagnosed with cirrhosis at the First Hospital of Quanzhou from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2023. After screening, 247 patients were included in a 10-year follow-up study. Differential analysis, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent risk factors for both PVT and EGVB. The inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) method was used to adjust for potential confounders and assess the impact of PVT on the incidence of EGVB.

Results

Increased portal vein diameter and reduced hemoglobin levels were identified as independent risk factors for both PVT and EGVB. The incidence of EGVB was higher than that of PVT, with a median time to occurrence of 2 months for EGVB and 16.93 months for PVT. Among patients who developed both complications, PVT occurred before EGVB in 61.43% of cases. IPTW analysis revealed that the incidence of EGVB was significantly higher in the PVT group compared to the non-PVT group (P = 0.043), indicating that PVT significantly increases the risk of EGVB.

Conclusion

Strategies to reduce portal vein pressure and improve anemia may help prevent both PVT and EGVB. Effective management of PVT is essential to reduce the incidence of EGVB in cirrhotic patients. Future research should involve larger sample sizes to further validate these findings.