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Objective <p>To explore the association between <i>apolipoprotein E (APOE)</i> gene polymorphisms and the risk of premature (age of onset: men ≤ 55 years old, women ≤ 65 years old) myocardial infarction (PMI).</p> Methods <p>This study retrospectively collected the medical records (age, gender, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking, drinking, and serum lipid) of 379 PMI patients and 628 age-matched non-AMI individuals (controls), from December 2018 to March 2024. The relationship between <i>APOE</i> polymorphisms and PMI was analyzed.</p> Results <p>15(1.5%) individuals carried ɛ2/ɛ2, 147(14.6%) had ɛ2/ɛ3, 16(1.6%) presented with ɛ2/ɛ4, 670(66.5%) were ɛ3/ɛ3 carriers, 149(14.8%) had ɛ3/ɛ4, and 10 (1.0%) carried ɛ4/ɛ4. The proportion of ɛ2/ɛ3 genotype was significantly lower in the PMI group than in controls (7.7% vs. 18.8%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), whereas the prevalence of ɛ3/ɛ4 genotype was substantially higher in the PMI group (20.6% vs. 11.3%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Logistic regression analysis identified some associated factors: smoking (odds ratio [OR]: 3.057, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.098–4.455, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), hypertension (OR: 4.474, 95% CI: 3.273–6.117, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), and dyslipidemia (OR: 1.805, 95% CI: 1.333–2.443, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Additionally, genetic factors were associated with PMI: the <i>APOE</i> ɛ3/ɛ4 genotype (vs. ɛ3/ɛ3, OR: 1.548, 95% CI: 1.038–2.309, <i>p</i> = 0.032) and the presence of ɛ4 allele (vs. ɛ3, OR: 1.521, 95% CI: 1.033–2.241, <i>p</i> = 0.034) were confirmed as independent associated factors.</p> Conclusions <p><i>APOE</i> ε3/ε4 genotype was significantly associated with PMI, suggesting that this genotype could serve as a potential genetic marker for PMI risk assessment.</p>

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Apolipoprotein E ɛ3/ɛ4 genotype is associated with premature myocardial infarction: a hospital based retrospective study

  • 期刊论文

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月15日

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  • Hao Wang,
  • Bin Li,
  • Wenhao Chen,
  • Guoliang Wei,
  • Kehui Chen,
  • Weihong Wang,
  • Yuanliang Liu

摘要

Objective

To explore the association between apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene polymorphisms and the risk of premature (age of onset: men ≤ 55 years old, women ≤ 65 years old) myocardial infarction (PMI).

Methods

This study retrospectively collected the medical records (age, gender, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking, drinking, and serum lipid) of 379 PMI patients and 628 age-matched non-AMI individuals (controls), from December 2018 to March 2024. The relationship between APOE polymorphisms and PMI was analyzed.

Results

15(1.5%) individuals carried ɛ2/ɛ2, 147(14.6%) had ɛ2/ɛ3, 16(1.6%) presented with ɛ2/ɛ4, 670(66.5%) were ɛ3/ɛ3 carriers, 149(14.8%) had ɛ3/ɛ4, and 10 (1.0%) carried ɛ4/ɛ4. The proportion of ɛ2/ɛ3 genotype was significantly lower in the PMI group than in controls (7.7% vs. 18.8%, p < 0.001), whereas the prevalence of ɛ3/ɛ4 genotype was substantially higher in the PMI group (20.6% vs. 11.3%, p < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis identified some associated factors: smoking (odds ratio [OR]: 3.057, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.098–4.455, p < 0.001), hypertension (OR: 4.474, 95% CI: 3.273–6.117, p < 0.001), and dyslipidemia (OR: 1.805, 95% CI: 1.333–2.443, p < 0.001). Additionally, genetic factors were associated with PMI: the APOE ɛ3/ɛ4 genotype (vs. ɛ3/ɛ3, OR: 1.548, 95% CI: 1.038–2.309, p = 0.032) and the presence of ɛ4 allele (vs. ɛ3, OR: 1.521, 95% CI: 1.033–2.241, p = 0.034) were confirmed as independent associated factors.

Conclusions

APOE ε3/ε4 genotype was significantly associated with PMI, suggesting that this genotype could serve as a potential genetic marker for PMI risk assessment.