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Purpose <p>This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of postoperative oral carbohydrate (CHO) supplementation immediately compared with plain water in improving recovery outcomes in patients undergoing knee arthroplasty (KA). Additionally, we analyzed the influence of perioperative factors on the quality of postoperative recovery.<!--Query ID="Q1" Text="Please check if the author names are captured correctly." Resolved="yes"--></p> Methods <p>We included 200 patients who underwent knee arthroplasty between August 2022 and August 2024. A 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to adjust for confounding variables and group differences. Multivariate logistic regression identified factors impacting the quality of recovery.<!--Query ID="Q2" Text="Please check if the affiliations are captured correctly." Resolved="yes"--></p> Results <p>After 1:1 PSM, the carbohydrate group comprised 78 patients, and the water group included 78 patients. The results indicated that postoperative oral carbohydrate supplementation improved the QoR-15 score at 24&#xa0;h (123.7 ± 12.9 vs. 119.7 ± 12.5, <i>p</i> = 0.049). It also reduced HOMA-IR at 24&#xa0;h (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), decreased hunger and anxiety levels at 6&#xa0;h (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), shortened the time to first flatus and bowel movement (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), and reduced the duration of hospital stay (<i>p</i> = 0.001). Female sex (OR = 0.455, <i>p</i> = 0.015), lower BMI (OR = 0.846, <i>p</i> = 0.005), and intraoperative music intervention (OR = 3.050, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) were significant factors for improving recovery.<!--Query ID="Q3" Text="Please check if the section headings are captured correctly." Resolved="yes"--></p> Conclusions <p>Postoperative oral carbohydrate supplementation immediately improves recovery quality, reduces HOMA-IR, alleviates hunger and anxiety, and accelerates gastrointestinal recovery in knee arthroplasty patients. Sex, BMI, and intraoperative music are significant factors affecting recovery outcomes.</p>

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Effects of postoperative oral carbohydrate intake immediately on the quality of recovery: a propensity score-matched and multivariate analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月1日

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  • Luo Zhang,
  • Yudong Wang,
  • Suhong Bao,
  • Bei Ma,
  • Shunping Tian,
  • Jianyou Zhang

摘要

Purpose

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of postoperative oral carbohydrate (CHO) supplementation immediately compared with plain water in improving recovery outcomes in patients undergoing knee arthroplasty (KA). Additionally, we analyzed the influence of perioperative factors on the quality of postoperative recovery.

Methods

We included 200 patients who underwent knee arthroplasty between August 2022 and August 2024. A 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to adjust for confounding variables and group differences. Multivariate logistic regression identified factors impacting the quality of recovery.

Results

After 1:1 PSM, the carbohydrate group comprised 78 patients, and the water group included 78 patients. The results indicated that postoperative oral carbohydrate supplementation improved the QoR-15 score at 24 h (123.7 ± 12.9 vs. 119.7 ± 12.5, p = 0.049). It also reduced HOMA-IR at 24 h (p < 0.001), decreased hunger and anxiety levels at 6 h (p < 0.001), shortened the time to first flatus and bowel movement (p < 0.001), and reduced the duration of hospital stay (p = 0.001). Female sex (OR = 0.455, p = 0.015), lower BMI (OR = 0.846, p = 0.005), and intraoperative music intervention (OR = 3.050, p < 0.001) were significant factors for improving recovery.

Conclusions

Postoperative oral carbohydrate supplementation immediately improves recovery quality, reduces HOMA-IR, alleviates hunger and anxiety, and accelerates gastrointestinal recovery in knee arthroplasty patients. Sex, BMI, and intraoperative music are significant factors affecting recovery outcomes.