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Background <p>The main stem is a crucial component determining individual plant yield in rapeseed (<i>Brassica napus</i>). However, the genetic and developmental basis underlying the multi-main-stem trait remains largely unclear.</p> Results <p>In this study, we identified a multi-main-stem mutant, <i>mms1</i>, which exhibited a significantly increased silique number per plant and abnormal shoot apical meristem (SAM) development. Genetic analysis demonstrated that the multi-main-stem trait was controlled by a recessive gene. Using bulked segregant analysis combined with a <i>Brassica napus</i> 50&#xa0;K SNP array and map-based cloning, the locus was mapped to a 340-kb interval on chromosome A09 of the ZS11 reference genome and was designated <i>BnaA09.MMS1</i>. Candidate gene analysis revealed that BnaA09G0254500ZS, which harbors sequence variations in both the promoter and coding regions and shows significantly increased expression in the mutant, was the most likely candidate gene. In addition, phytohormone analysis revealed reduced auxin accumulation in mutant SAMs, together with transcriptomic changes in genes associated with the CLAVATA3 (CLV3)-WUSCHEL (WUS) feedback loop.</p> Conclusions <p>These findings provide an important foundation for elucidating the genetic basis of the multi-main-stem trait and offer a valuable genetic resource for rapeseed improvement.</p>

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Identification and fine mapping of a locus controlling multi-main-stem trait in Brassica napus

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月25日

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  • Xiaoting Li,
  • Sihao Zhang,
  • Song Yu,
  • Yingying Ma,
  • Jing Wen,
  • Bin Yi,
  • Chaozhi Ma,
  • Bao Li,
  • Liang Guo,
  • Jinxing Tu

摘要

Background

The main stem is a crucial component determining individual plant yield in rapeseed (Brassica napus). However, the genetic and developmental basis underlying the multi-main-stem trait remains largely unclear.

Results

In this study, we identified a multi-main-stem mutant, mms1, which exhibited a significantly increased silique number per plant and abnormal shoot apical meristem (SAM) development. Genetic analysis demonstrated that the multi-main-stem trait was controlled by a recessive gene. Using bulked segregant analysis combined with a Brassica napus 50 K SNP array and map-based cloning, the locus was mapped to a 340-kb interval on chromosome A09 of the ZS11 reference genome and was designated BnaA09.MMS1. Candidate gene analysis revealed that BnaA09G0254500ZS, which harbors sequence variations in both the promoter and coding regions and shows significantly increased expression in the mutant, was the most likely candidate gene. In addition, phytohormone analysis revealed reduced auxin accumulation in mutant SAMs, together with transcriptomic changes in genes associated with the CLAVATA3 (CLV3)-WUSCHEL (WUS) feedback loop.

Conclusions

These findings provide an important foundation for elucidating the genetic basis of the multi-main-stem trait and offer a valuable genetic resource for rapeseed improvement.