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Background <p>Oilseed<!--Query ID="Q1" Text="Kindly check and confirm the edit made in the title." Resolved="yes"--> tree peony is a high-value woody oil crop with significant economic and nutritional value, playing a crucial role in addressing global demand for healthy edible oils, yet its genetic improvement for oil-related traits is hindered by the lack of efficient molecular markers.</p> Results <p>In<!--Query ID="Q2" Text="Please check if the affiliations are presented correctly." Resolved="yes"--> this study, 141 tree peony germplasms were analyzed for oil content (OC) and fatty acid (FA) composition, revealing significant variations in total fatty acids (TFAs, 186.74-301.82&#xa0;mg/g), unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs, 181.27-293.47&#xa0;mg/g), and dominant α-linolenic acid (ALA, 41.77–64.73%). Correlation analysis and principal component analysis indicated that ‘Sai Huang Hou’ was an excellent germplasm with superior oil traits. Genome-wide identification uncovered 18 triglyceride biosynthesis genes, including 3 <i>PoGPATs</i>, 5 <i>PoLPATs</i>, 10 <i>PoDGATs</i>, with conserved domains and stage-specific expression patterns during seed development. Among these, <i>PoGPAT9</i> and <i>PoLPAT2</i> exhibited dynamic expression, while <i>PoDGAT2</i> reached its peak during late maturation. Association analysis identified a total of 16 significant association combinations involving 6 phenotypic traits and 9 SNP loci, explaining 2.52–8.22% of phenotypic variation. Multiple comparisons of genotypic effects at significantly associated loci on oil-related traits showed that the 485&#xa0;bp mutation in <i>PoLPAT2</i> increased oil content by 1.40%. For <i>PoDGAT2</i>, the 759 locus mutation elevated linoleic acid content by 3.81&#xa0;mg/g and reduced α-linolenic acid content by 10.30&#xa0;mg/g relative to the wild genotype.</p> Conclusion <p>This<!--Query ID="Q3" Text="Please check and confirm that the authors and their respective affiliations have been correctly identified and amend if necessary." Resolved="yes"--> study provides new insights into the genetic regulation of lipid metabolism in tree peony seeds and offers molecular markers for breeding high-quality oilseed varieties.</p>

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SNP-based association analysis of key genes involved in triglyceride biosynthesis reveals genetic regulation of oil content and fatty acid composition in tree peony seeds

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月25日

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  • Meiying Zhang,
  • Ningning Tong,
  • Shun He,
  • Zhengyuan Ren,
  • Xiushuang Qi,
  • Xinhui Pei,
  • Zheng’an Liu,
  • Liping Peng

摘要

Background

Oilseed tree peony is a high-value woody oil crop with significant economic and nutritional value, playing a crucial role in addressing global demand for healthy edible oils, yet its genetic improvement for oil-related traits is hindered by the lack of efficient molecular markers.

Results

In this study, 141 tree peony germplasms were analyzed for oil content (OC) and fatty acid (FA) composition, revealing significant variations in total fatty acids (TFAs, 186.74-301.82 mg/g), unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs, 181.27-293.47 mg/g), and dominant α-linolenic acid (ALA, 41.77–64.73%). Correlation analysis and principal component analysis indicated that ‘Sai Huang Hou’ was an excellent germplasm with superior oil traits. Genome-wide identification uncovered 18 triglyceride biosynthesis genes, including 3 PoGPATs, 5 PoLPATs, 10 PoDGATs, with conserved domains and stage-specific expression patterns during seed development. Among these, PoGPAT9 and PoLPAT2 exhibited dynamic expression, while PoDGAT2 reached its peak during late maturation. Association analysis identified a total of 16 significant association combinations involving 6 phenotypic traits and 9 SNP loci, explaining 2.52–8.22% of phenotypic variation. Multiple comparisons of genotypic effects at significantly associated loci on oil-related traits showed that the 485 bp mutation in PoLPAT2 increased oil content by 1.40%. For PoDGAT2, the 759 locus mutation elevated linoleic acid content by 3.81 mg/g and reduced α-linolenic acid content by 10.30 mg/g relative to the wild genotype.

Conclusion

This study provides new insights into the genetic regulation of lipid metabolism in tree peony seeds and offers molecular markers for breeding high-quality oilseed varieties.