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Background <p>Napier grass (<i>Pennisetum purpureum</i>), fresh or preserved as silage, is widely used as a component of animal feed in tropical regions. High-temperature and high-humidity in the environment promote the growth of undesirable microorganisms, which prevents lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from becoming dominant during natural fermentation, restrains organic acid accumulation and pH decline, and thereby readily induces ensiling fermentation failure.</p> Results <p>In this study, we evaluated the fermentation quality, nutritional parameters, and microbial community structure of napier grass silage inoculated with self-screen thermostable <i>Lactobacillus rhamnosus</i> (LR), by fermenting fresh materials at both high (40&#xa0;°C) and ambient (25&#xa0;°C) temperatures for 3, 7, 14, and 75 days. The results showed that LR-inoculated silage had higher lactic acid (91.62 ± 0.53&#xa0;g/kg DM) and acetic acid (32.72 ± 0.97&#xa0;g/kg DM) contents, while having a lower pH (3.70 ± 0.01) and butyric acid content (5.31 ± 0.23&#xa0;g/kg DM) than the control (CK) and commercial <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> (LP)-inoculated silages at 40&#xa0;°C on day 75. LR-inoculated silage exhibited higher neutral detergent fiber content at 40 ℃ and higher water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC) content at 25 ℃, while showing lower crude protein and WSC contents than LP at 40 ℃. The results of microbial analyses indicated that on day 14, <i>L. rhamnosus</i> was the dominant species in LR-inoculated silage for both 40&#xa0;°C (54.37%) and 25&#xa0;°C (75.31%) temperatures, while CK and LP-inoculated silages were dominated by <i>L. plantarum</i>. On day 75, <i>Lactobacillus buchneri</i> was the dominant species in LR-inoculated silage, and <i>L. rhamnosus</i> still sustained a certain relative abundance at 40&#xa0;°C (19.76%) and 25&#xa0;°C (9.49%), respectively.</p> Conclusion <p>LR inoculation induced a directed succession toward <i>L. buchneri</i> and LR-inoculated silage had higher organic acid content, along with lower pH value and ammonia nitrogen content than the commercial LAB on day 75 of ensiling at 40&#xa0;°C. These findings demonstrate that the self-screened thermotolerant LR is an effective silage inoculant for improving fermentation quality of napier grass in tropical regions, offering a practical strategy to address high-temperature challenges and support sustainable livestock production.</p>

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Inoculation with Lactobacillus rhamnosus improves fermentation quality of napier grass silage by enriching Lactobacillus buchneri in tropical regions

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月3日

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  • Qifeng Wu,
  • Mingming Du,
  • Zhaochang Du,
  • Zhiwei Liu,
  • Xinping Jin,
  • Han Zheng,
  • Hao Liu,
  • Jianguo Zhang,
  • Wenyu Yang,
  • Xiaomei Li,
  • Yanhong Yan

摘要

Background

Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum), fresh or preserved as silage, is widely used as a component of animal feed in tropical regions. High-temperature and high-humidity in the environment promote the growth of undesirable microorganisms, which prevents lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from becoming dominant during natural fermentation, restrains organic acid accumulation and pH decline, and thereby readily induces ensiling fermentation failure.

Results

In this study, we evaluated the fermentation quality, nutritional parameters, and microbial community structure of napier grass silage inoculated with self-screen thermostable Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LR), by fermenting fresh materials at both high (40 °C) and ambient (25 °C) temperatures for 3, 7, 14, and 75 days. The results showed that LR-inoculated silage had higher lactic acid (91.62 ± 0.53 g/kg DM) and acetic acid (32.72 ± 0.97 g/kg DM) contents, while having a lower pH (3.70 ± 0.01) and butyric acid content (5.31 ± 0.23 g/kg DM) than the control (CK) and commercial Lactobacillus plantarum (LP)-inoculated silages at 40 °C on day 75. LR-inoculated silage exhibited higher neutral detergent fiber content at 40 ℃ and higher water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC) content at 25 ℃, while showing lower crude protein and WSC contents than LP at 40 ℃. The results of microbial analyses indicated that on day 14, L. rhamnosus was the dominant species in LR-inoculated silage for both 40 °C (54.37%) and 25 °C (75.31%) temperatures, while CK and LP-inoculated silages were dominated by L. plantarum. On day 75, Lactobacillus buchneri was the dominant species in LR-inoculated silage, and L. rhamnosus still sustained a certain relative abundance at 40 °C (19.76%) and 25 °C (9.49%), respectively.

Conclusion

LR inoculation induced a directed succession toward L. buchneri and LR-inoculated silage had higher organic acid content, along with lower pH value and ammonia nitrogen content than the commercial LAB on day 75 of ensiling at 40 °C. These findings demonstrate that the self-screened thermotolerant LR is an effective silage inoculant for improving fermentation quality of napier grass in tropical regions, offering a practical strategy to address high-temperature challenges and support sustainable livestock production.