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Background <p><i>Parnassia wightiana</i> Wall. (<i>P. wightiana</i>) is a traditional medicinal herb with demonstrated potential for developing eco-friendly botanical insecticides, but its insecticidal properties remain underexplored.</p> Methods <p>Here, we systematically evaluated the insecticidal activities of different plant tissues through integrated bioactivity assays and metabolomic profiling. Combining bioactivity-guided fractionation with transcriptomic analysis, we identified bioactive insecticidal compounds and elucidated key genes involved in secondary metabolite biosynthesis.</p> Results <p>Bioassays revealed that root extracts exhibited the highest insecticidal efficacy against third-instar <i>Mythimna separata</i> (<i>M. separata</i>) larvae, with a median lethal concentration (LC<sub>50</sub>) of 19.659&#xa0;mg/mL. Integrated multi-omics analysis showed significant enrichment of terpenoid biosynthesis pathways in roots, including diterpenoid, sesquiterpenoid, triterpenoid, terpene backbone, and monoterpenoid metabolism. Notably, terpene synthase (TPS) substrates (Z, Z-FPP, Z,E-FPP, and E, E-FPP) were identified as critical precursors in terpenoid anabolism, with TPS-a subfamily genes potentially playing pivotal roles in synthesizing bioactive sesquiterpenes. Through bioactivity-guided isolation, we characterized Celahin B as a potent insecticidal sesquiterpenoid, showing remarkable toxicity against <i>M. separata</i> larvae (LC<sub>50</sub> = 116.642&#xa0;µg/mL).</p> Conclusions <p>These findings advance our understanding of insecticidal metabolite biosynthesis in <i>P. wightiana</i> and provide a foundation for metabolic engineering of insecticidal compounds, and development of novel biopesticides with reduced environmental impact.</p>

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Integrated transcriptome, metabolome and activity-guided fractionation of Parnassia wightiana Wall. reveal its insecticidal potential

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月28日

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  • Gaijuan Tang,
  • Yucun Yang,
  • Rong An,
  • Zhenlan Zhang,
  • Jianchang Li,
  • Yonghong Li,
  • Yonghong Wang,
  • Chao Zhang

摘要

Background

Parnassia wightiana Wall. (P. wightiana) is a traditional medicinal herb with demonstrated potential for developing eco-friendly botanical insecticides, but its insecticidal properties remain underexplored.

Methods

Here, we systematically evaluated the insecticidal activities of different plant tissues through integrated bioactivity assays and metabolomic profiling. Combining bioactivity-guided fractionation with transcriptomic analysis, we identified bioactive insecticidal compounds and elucidated key genes involved in secondary metabolite biosynthesis.

Results

Bioassays revealed that root extracts exhibited the highest insecticidal efficacy against third-instar Mythimna separata (M. separata) larvae, with a median lethal concentration (LC50) of 19.659 mg/mL. Integrated multi-omics analysis showed significant enrichment of terpenoid biosynthesis pathways in roots, including diterpenoid, sesquiterpenoid, triterpenoid, terpene backbone, and monoterpenoid metabolism. Notably, terpene synthase (TPS) substrates (Z, Z-FPP, Z,E-FPP, and E, E-FPP) were identified as critical precursors in terpenoid anabolism, with TPS-a subfamily genes potentially playing pivotal roles in synthesizing bioactive sesquiterpenes. Through bioactivity-guided isolation, we characterized Celahin B as a potent insecticidal sesquiterpenoid, showing remarkable toxicity against M. separata larvae (LC50 = 116.642 µg/mL).

Conclusions

These findings advance our understanding of insecticidal metabolite biosynthesis in P. wightiana and provide a foundation for metabolic engineering of insecticidal compounds, and development of novel biopesticides with reduced environmental impact.