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Background <p>The <i>ARGOS</i>/<i>OSR</i> gene family regulates organ size and abiotic stress responses in plants. While well-characterized in model organisms like <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>, its functional significance in rapeseed (<i>Brassica napus</i>), a globally vital oilseed crop, lacks comprehensive study.</p> Results <p>Genome-wide analysis identified 19 OSR members in rapeseed, phylogenetically grouped into <i>ARGOS</i>, <i>ARL1</i>, and <i>ARL2/3</i>. All members possess the conserved OSR domain and display subgenome asymmetry, with 11 and 8 members located on the <i>An</i> and <i>Cn</i> subgenomes, respectively. Evolutionary analysis indicated strong purifying selection (mean Ka/Ks = 0.2772–0.3211), with greater selective pressure acting on the <i>Cn</i> subgenome. Crucially, the key protein BnaC6.ARGOS exhibited expression-level-dependent dual subcellular localization plasma membrane localization under native conditions versus endoplasmic reticulum localization upon overexpression. Expression profiling revealed exceptionally high expression of <i>BnaC6.ARGOS</i> in anthers (FPKM &gt; 4,700). Its promoter is enriched with stress-responsive cis-elements. Transgenic overexpression of <i>BnaC6.ARGOS</i> (ARGOS-OE) significantly enhanced seed drought tolerance. This was achieved by reducing seed coat porosity and thickening cell walls, resulting in a threefold increase in germination rates compared to wild-type (WT) under drought stress (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05).</p> Conclusion <p>Our findings demonstrate that <i>BnaC6.ARGOS</i> modulates seed coat structural development and drought resistance, underscoring its potential as a target for engineering stress-resilient rapeseed. This study establishes a foundation for functional genomics research on the <i>OSR</i> gene family in crops.</p>

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ARGOS homolog evolution in brassicaceae and the role of BnaC6.ARGOS in conferring drought tolerance via expression-responsive localization and reduced seed porosity in rapeseed

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月30日

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  • Tian Tian,
  • Zhengxi Long,
  • Xian Gong,
  • Zhen Wang,
  • Chao Zhang,
  • Liu Miao

摘要

Background

The ARGOS/OSR gene family regulates organ size and abiotic stress responses in plants. While well-characterized in model organisms like Arabidopsis thaliana, its functional significance in rapeseed (Brassica napus), a globally vital oilseed crop, lacks comprehensive study.

Results

Genome-wide analysis identified 19 OSR members in rapeseed, phylogenetically grouped into ARGOS, ARL1, and ARL2/3. All members possess the conserved OSR domain and display subgenome asymmetry, with 11 and 8 members located on the An and Cn subgenomes, respectively. Evolutionary analysis indicated strong purifying selection (mean Ka/Ks = 0.2772–0.3211), with greater selective pressure acting on the Cn subgenome. Crucially, the key protein BnaC6.ARGOS exhibited expression-level-dependent dual subcellular localization plasma membrane localization under native conditions versus endoplasmic reticulum localization upon overexpression. Expression profiling revealed exceptionally high expression of BnaC6.ARGOS in anthers (FPKM > 4,700). Its promoter is enriched with stress-responsive cis-elements. Transgenic overexpression of BnaC6.ARGOS (ARGOS-OE) significantly enhanced seed drought tolerance. This was achieved by reducing seed coat porosity and thickening cell walls, resulting in a threefold increase in germination rates compared to wild-type (WT) under drought stress (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Our findings demonstrate that BnaC6.ARGOS modulates seed coat structural development and drought resistance, underscoring its potential as a target for engineering stress-resilient rapeseed. This study establishes a foundation for functional genomics research on the OSR gene family in crops.