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Background <p>Cotton is considered moderately salt-tolerant, yet the degree of tolerance can vary significantly among different genotypes.</p> Methods and results <p>The current study examined the effects of plant growth-promoting bacterium “<i>Achromobacter sp</i>. FB-14” in two cotton genotypes (FH-326 and FH-941). Under 150 mM salt stress, FH-941 showed a higher accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) i.e. 24.4 and 8.20 µmol g<sup>− 1</sup> FW, respectively. Contrarily, FH-326 exhibited higher catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) activities (48.82 &amp; 27.81 Umg<sup>− 1</sup> protein, respectively). FB-14 inoculated plants exhibited an increase in chlorophyll <i>a</i> content by 10% (FH-326) and 8% (FH-941). FH-326 exhibited better ion (Na<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, Ca<sup>+ 2</sup>, Mg<sup>+ 2</sup>) uptake and root-shoot translocation patterns than FH-941. Imposition of salt stress, without FB-14 inoculation, resulted in higher reduction in <i>NHX1</i>,<i> SOS</i>1, and <i>HAK5</i> gene expression in FH-941 compared to FH-326. While elevated expression of <i>HKT1</i> was recorded in FH-326 compared to FH-941. A down-regulation of <i>LHCB</i>,<i> GhWRKY3</i> and <i>GhWRKY34</i> was recorded in both genotypes except <i>GhWRKY34</i> was up-regulated in FH-326. Additionally, FB-14 inoculation in FH-941, under salt stress, led to up-regulation of <i>LHCB</i> and <i>GhWRKY3</i> and <i>GhWRKY34</i>.</p> Conclusions <p>The FH-326 maintained optimum H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and MDA content through POD/CAT activities, balanced ion uptake and gene regulation. The growth of salt-sensitive FH-941 was facilitated by FB-14 inoculation through modulated patterns of ion homeostasis, expression of ion transporter and transcription factors. Further studies involving more cotton genotypes and salt-related molecular markers under bacterial inoculation may assist in devising better strategies to achieve potential yield of cotton.</p>

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Achromobacter sp. FB-14 mediated morpho-physio-biochemical and molecular improvements in cotton subjected to salt stress

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月19日

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  • Sidra Batool,
  • Khadija Rafiq,
  • Muhammad Saeed,
  • Atyia Naeem,
  • Muhammad Shahid Munir Chohan,
  • Muhammad Sohail Akram

摘要

Background

Cotton is considered moderately salt-tolerant, yet the degree of tolerance can vary significantly among different genotypes.

Methods and results

The current study examined the effects of plant growth-promoting bacterium “Achromobacter sp. FB-14” in two cotton genotypes (FH-326 and FH-941). Under 150 mM salt stress, FH-941 showed a higher accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) i.e. 24.4 and 8.20 µmol g− 1 FW, respectively. Contrarily, FH-326 exhibited higher catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) activities (48.82 & 27.81 Umg− 1 protein, respectively). FB-14 inoculated plants exhibited an increase in chlorophyll a content by 10% (FH-326) and 8% (FH-941). FH-326 exhibited better ion (Na+, K+, Ca+ 2, Mg+ 2) uptake and root-shoot translocation patterns than FH-941. Imposition of salt stress, without FB-14 inoculation, resulted in higher reduction in NHX1, SOS1, and HAK5 gene expression in FH-941 compared to FH-326. While elevated expression of HKT1 was recorded in FH-326 compared to FH-941. A down-regulation of LHCB, GhWRKY3 and GhWRKY34 was recorded in both genotypes except GhWRKY34 was up-regulated in FH-326. Additionally, FB-14 inoculation in FH-941, under salt stress, led to up-regulation of LHCB and GhWRKY3 and GhWRKY34.

Conclusions

The FH-326 maintained optimum H2O2 and MDA content through POD/CAT activities, balanced ion uptake and gene regulation. The growth of salt-sensitive FH-941 was facilitated by FB-14 inoculation through modulated patterns of ion homeostasis, expression of ion transporter and transcription factors. Further studies involving more cotton genotypes and salt-related molecular markers under bacterial inoculation may assist in devising better strategies to achieve potential yield of cotton.