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Backgroud <p>The processed tuberous roots of <i>Asparagus cochinchinensis</i> (Asparagaceae), known as Asparagi Radix, have long been used in East Asia (particularly in China) as traditional medicines and play an indispensable role in the pharmaceutical industry. However, the frequent adulteration of Asparagi Radix with processed tuberous roots obtained from nine other congeneric species could potentially compromise the quality control measures for related pharmaceutical products, while also posing challenges to the conservation and rational exploitation of the nine adulterant congeneric species that are also used as traditional ethnomedicines. Given this issue, this study aims to develop a molecular authentication method for the accurate identification of <i>A. cochinchinensis</i> and the nine congeneric adulterants, employing the genome skimming approach to generate complete plastid genomes (plastomes) and nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) arrays as the candidate molecular markers.</p> Results <p>Through comprehensive phylogenetic and genetic distance analyses based on extensive sampling at both inter- and intra-specific levels, the efficacy of the two candidate molecular markers was assessed by investigating whether their inter-specific genetic divergences align with the taxonomically delineated species boundaries.</p> Conclusion <p>The results indicated that complete plastomes exhibit superior performance for accurately identifying <i>A. cochinchinensis</i> (the botanical source of Asparagi Radix) and the nine congeneric adulterants, thus can serve as the optimal molecular markers for effective authentication of Asparagi Radix. The desirable discriminative power demonstrated by complete plastomes suggests that the PCR-free molecular authentication method developed in this study will not only contribute to the quality control of pharmaceutical products derived from Asparagi Radix but also facilitate the conservation efforts and rational exploitation of the nine <i>Asparagus</i> species commonly used as adulterants.</p>

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Complete plastomes serve as desirable molecular makers for precise identification of Asparagus cochinchinensis (Asparagaceae) and nine other congeneric species frequently utilized as its adulterants

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月20日

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  • Xiaorong Guo,
  • Pingxuan Xie,
  • Guangfei Zhang,
  • Tinglu Wang,
  • Jieyan Li,
  • Xinqi Zhang,
  • Weigeng Su,
  • Yunheng Ji

摘要

Backgroud

The processed tuberous roots of Asparagus cochinchinensis (Asparagaceae), known as Asparagi Radix, have long been used in East Asia (particularly in China) as traditional medicines and play an indispensable role in the pharmaceutical industry. However, the frequent adulteration of Asparagi Radix with processed tuberous roots obtained from nine other congeneric species could potentially compromise the quality control measures for related pharmaceutical products, while also posing challenges to the conservation and rational exploitation of the nine adulterant congeneric species that are also used as traditional ethnomedicines. Given this issue, this study aims to develop a molecular authentication method for the accurate identification of A. cochinchinensis and the nine congeneric adulterants, employing the genome skimming approach to generate complete plastid genomes (plastomes) and nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) arrays as the candidate molecular markers.

Results

Through comprehensive phylogenetic and genetic distance analyses based on extensive sampling at both inter- and intra-specific levels, the efficacy of the two candidate molecular markers was assessed by investigating whether their inter-specific genetic divergences align with the taxonomically delineated species boundaries.

Conclusion

The results indicated that complete plastomes exhibit superior performance for accurately identifying A. cochinchinensis (the botanical source of Asparagi Radix) and the nine congeneric adulterants, thus can serve as the optimal molecular markers for effective authentication of Asparagi Radix. The desirable discriminative power demonstrated by complete plastomes suggests that the PCR-free molecular authentication method developed in this study will not only contribute to the quality control of pharmaceutical products derived from Asparagi Radix but also facilitate the conservation efforts and rational exploitation of the nine Asparagus species commonly used as adulterants.