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Background <p>High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has been proposed as a time-efficient strategy to enhance brain health, yet its longer-term neural signatures remain unclear.</p> Methods <p>In a randomized, assessor-blinded, parallel-group study, 32 healthy undergraduates (18–25 years) completed either 8 weeks of supervised HIIT (30&#xa0;min/session, 3 sessions/week) or a usual-activity control. Body composition was measured before and after the intervention, and maximal oxygen uptake (VO<sub>2</sub>max) was assessed using the 20-m shuttle run test (20&#xa0;m SRT). Resting-state EEG was recorded at baseline and post-intervention. Power spectral density (PSD) and phase-based connectivity were quantified across canonical frequency bands.</p> Results <p>HIIT increased VO<sub>2</sub>max and skeletal muscle mass and reduced body fat percentage compared with baseline, while no meaningful changes were observed in controls. Resting-state EEG showed increased delta-theta-alpha power and inter-regional phase synchronization, alongside reduced beta-gamma power/connectivity.</p> Conclusions <p>8 weeks of HIIT were associated with frequency-specific modulation of cortical oscillations and large-scale functional coupling at rest. These findings suggest that time-efficient exercise paradigms may promote neural network reorganization, with potential benefits for cognitive and motor function.</p>

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High-intensity interval training modulates neural oscillations and inter-regional connectivity in college students

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月26日

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  • Huipeng Lei,
  • Zixuan Guo,
  • Talifu Zikereya,
  • Lulu Chen,
  • Jiazheng Peng,
  • Zhongshu Shao,
  • Kaixuan Shi

摘要

Background

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has been proposed as a time-efficient strategy to enhance brain health, yet its longer-term neural signatures remain unclear.

Methods

In a randomized, assessor-blinded, parallel-group study, 32 healthy undergraduates (18–25 years) completed either 8 weeks of supervised HIIT (30 min/session, 3 sessions/week) or a usual-activity control. Body composition was measured before and after the intervention, and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) was assessed using the 20-m shuttle run test (20 m SRT). Resting-state EEG was recorded at baseline and post-intervention. Power spectral density (PSD) and phase-based connectivity were quantified across canonical frequency bands.

Results

HIIT increased VO2max and skeletal muscle mass and reduced body fat percentage compared with baseline, while no meaningful changes were observed in controls. Resting-state EEG showed increased delta-theta-alpha power and inter-regional phase synchronization, alongside reduced beta-gamma power/connectivity.

Conclusions

8 weeks of HIIT were associated with frequency-specific modulation of cortical oscillations and large-scale functional coupling at rest. These findings suggest that time-efficient exercise paradigms may promote neural network reorganization, with potential benefits for cognitive and motor function.