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Background <p>The production of microbial lipids from oleaginous fungi is a promising method to support sustainable biofuels, but maximizing biomass and lipid accumulation requires carefully optimizing growth conditions using effective statistical approaches. The aim of this study was to enhance the biomass and lipid accumulation of a newly indigenous strain of the oleaginous fungus <i>Fusarium solani</i> OQ275245 by assessing the correlation between experimental results and independent design variables. The optimization process used a Box–Behnken experimental design with a response surface methodology, selecting starch, peptone, and inoculum size as independent parameters. The impacts of the parameters on the dependent responses (biomass yield, lipid yield, and lipid content) were investigated using response surfaces and contour plots, and the data was analyzed using ANOVA.</p> Results <p>The optimal culture conditions were starch, peptone, and inoculum size at levels of 38.43&#xa0;g/L, 0.53&#xa0;g/L, and 1.0%, respectively. After validation of quadratic models, it was found that the optimized medium increased biomass yield by 1.06-fold, from 20.80 ± 1.90&#xa0;g/L to 22.04 ± 2.51&#xa0;g/L; lipid yield increased by 4.03-fold, from 1.31 ± 0.38&#xa0;g/L to 5.28 ± 0.55&#xa0;g/L; and the lipid content increased 3.81-fold, from 6.29 ± 1.36% to 23.96 ± 0.99% compared to the non-optimized medium. Hence, the use of RSM contributed to determining the concentrations of the studied variables to enhance biomass and lipid production in the fungal strain. Furthermore, fungal lipids analyzed by GC/MS were found to contain a high amount of long-chain saturated fatty acids, including myristic acid, palmitic acid, and stearic acid. This indicated that the <i>Fusarium</i> strain had a good fatty acid composition that can be effectively applied for production of biodiesel. Ultimately, we evaluated the characteristics of biodiesel generated by the <i>F. solani</i> strain, and the results met established criteria.</p> Conclusions <p>These results suggest that <i>Fusarium solani</i> OQ275245 represents a sustainable and promising resource for the production of microbial lipids suitable for biofuel applications, and that the use of surface response methodology is an effective approach for improving the production of biomass and high-quality lipids.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Improving growth and lipid accumulation in a novel oleaginous fungus Fusarium solani as a promising feedstock for biodiesel: optimization of growth medium and fatty acid characterization

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月21日

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  • Sedky H. A. Hassan,
  • Mustafa A. Fawzy,
  • Hana Sonbol,
  • Albandary N. Alsaloom,
  • Mostafa Koutb,
  • Amany G. Ibrahim

摘要

Background

The production of microbial lipids from oleaginous fungi is a promising method to support sustainable biofuels, but maximizing biomass and lipid accumulation requires carefully optimizing growth conditions using effective statistical approaches. The aim of this study was to enhance the biomass and lipid accumulation of a newly indigenous strain of the oleaginous fungus Fusarium solani OQ275245 by assessing the correlation between experimental results and independent design variables. The optimization process used a Box–Behnken experimental design with a response surface methodology, selecting starch, peptone, and inoculum size as independent parameters. The impacts of the parameters on the dependent responses (biomass yield, lipid yield, and lipid content) were investigated using response surfaces and contour plots, and the data was analyzed using ANOVA.

Results

The optimal culture conditions were starch, peptone, and inoculum size at levels of 38.43 g/L, 0.53 g/L, and 1.0%, respectively. After validation of quadratic models, it was found that the optimized medium increased biomass yield by 1.06-fold, from 20.80 ± 1.90 g/L to 22.04 ± 2.51 g/L; lipid yield increased by 4.03-fold, from 1.31 ± 0.38 g/L to 5.28 ± 0.55 g/L; and the lipid content increased 3.81-fold, from 6.29 ± 1.36% to 23.96 ± 0.99% compared to the non-optimized medium. Hence, the use of RSM contributed to determining the concentrations of the studied variables to enhance biomass and lipid production in the fungal strain. Furthermore, fungal lipids analyzed by GC/MS were found to contain a high amount of long-chain saturated fatty acids, including myristic acid, palmitic acid, and stearic acid. This indicated that the Fusarium strain had a good fatty acid composition that can be effectively applied for production of biodiesel. Ultimately, we evaluated the characteristics of biodiesel generated by the F. solani strain, and the results met established criteria.

Conclusions

These results suggest that Fusarium solani OQ275245 represents a sustainable and promising resource for the production of microbial lipids suitable for biofuel applications, and that the use of surface response methodology is an effective approach for improving the production of biomass and high-quality lipids.

Graphical Abstract