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Background <p><i>Salmonella</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i> are among the main causes of foodborne illness and negatively impact poultry industry. The aim of this study is to determine the carriage rate and sensitivity of Enterobacteria isolated from the cloacae of chickens. Samples were taken only from healthy local chickens of markets (55 samples) and outlying areas (45 samples) using the swabbing technique. The swabs were pre-enriched and inoculated onto Hektoen agar at 37&#xa0;°C for 24&#xa0;h. Bacteria and resistance genes were identified through molecular biology. Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested by Kirby Bauer method.</p> Results <p>The overall prevalence was 65% for <i>Escherichia coli</i> and 27% for <i>Salmonella</i> sp. after biochemical tests and these carrying rates of these strains were 10% for Salmonella and 53% for <i>Escherichia coli</i> after molecular confirmation tests. <i>E. coli</i> isolates (<i>n</i> = 53), 91.43% (32/35) originated from farms, while 75% (21/28) were collected from markets. The detection of the <i>16S rRNA</i> gene was higher in market samples (25%) compared to farm samples (8.57%). Antibiotic susceptibility testing showed extremely high resistance rates to amoxicillin (&gt; 93%) and tetracycline (&gt; 80%) in both bacterial species. In contrast, high susceptibility rates were recorded to ceftriaxone (&gt; 90%) and norfloxacin (&gt; 89%). Moderate resistance levels were observed to cotrimoxazole and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid Augmentin (&gt; 41%). Comparative statistical analysis between bacterial species showed no statistically significant difference for most antibiotics (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). Among <i>Escherichia coli</i> isolates, 58.49% (31/53) exhibited a penicillinase phenotype, compared with 60% (6/10) of <i>Salmonella</i> spp. and ESBL phenotypes were detected in 35.80% (19/53) of <i>E. coli</i> isolates and 40% (4/10) of <i>Salmonella</i> spp. isolates. No statistically significant difference was observed between the species. The <i>bla</i><sub><i>TEM</i></sub> gene was detected in 41.5% (22/53) of <i>E. coli</i> isolates and in 60% (6/10) of <i>Salmonella</i> spp. isolates. Similarly, the <i>bla</i><sub><i>CTX</i>-M-9</sub> gene was identified in 35.58% (19/53) of <i>E. coli</i> isolates and 30% (3/10) of <i>Salmonella</i> spp. isolates although this difference was not statistically significant (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05).</p> Conclusion <p>This study highlighted the presence of strains Enterobacteria resistant to many antimicrobials of therapeutic importance in healthy chickens. For the well-being of consumers, it is necessary to strengthen surveillance and prevention systems.</p>

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Carriage and susceptibility of Enterobacteria isolated from the local chickens at markets and peri-urban areas of Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月16日

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  • Drissa Zon,
  • Victorien Yaméogo,
  • Roland Nâg-Tiero Meda,
  • Soufiane Sanou,
  • Benjamin Kouliga Koama,
  • Yerbanga R. Serge,
  • Sami Eric Kam,
  • Eliasse Zongo,
  • Kobo Gnada,
  • Georges Anicet Ouédraogo,
  • Mohamed Fawzy Ramadan

摘要

Background

Salmonella and Escherichia coli are among the main causes of foodborne illness and negatively impact poultry industry. The aim of this study is to determine the carriage rate and sensitivity of Enterobacteria isolated from the cloacae of chickens. Samples were taken only from healthy local chickens of markets (55 samples) and outlying areas (45 samples) using the swabbing technique. The swabs were pre-enriched and inoculated onto Hektoen agar at 37 °C for 24 h. Bacteria and resistance genes were identified through molecular biology. Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested by Kirby Bauer method.

Results

The overall prevalence was 65% for Escherichia coli and 27% for Salmonella sp. after biochemical tests and these carrying rates of these strains were 10% for Salmonella and 53% for Escherichia coli after molecular confirmation tests. E. coli isolates (n = 53), 91.43% (32/35) originated from farms, while 75% (21/28) were collected from markets. The detection of the 16S rRNA gene was higher in market samples (25%) compared to farm samples (8.57%). Antibiotic susceptibility testing showed extremely high resistance rates to amoxicillin (> 93%) and tetracycline (> 80%) in both bacterial species. In contrast, high susceptibility rates were recorded to ceftriaxone (> 90%) and norfloxacin (> 89%). Moderate resistance levels were observed to cotrimoxazole and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid Augmentin (> 41%). Comparative statistical analysis between bacterial species showed no statistically significant difference for most antibiotics (p > 0.05). Among Escherichia coli isolates, 58.49% (31/53) exhibited a penicillinase phenotype, compared with 60% (6/10) of Salmonella spp. and ESBL phenotypes were detected in 35.80% (19/53) of E. coli isolates and 40% (4/10) of Salmonella spp. isolates. No statistically significant difference was observed between the species. The blaTEM gene was detected in 41.5% (22/53) of E. coli isolates and in 60% (6/10) of Salmonella spp. isolates. Similarly, the blaCTX-M-9 gene was identified in 35.58% (19/53) of E. coli isolates and 30% (3/10) of Salmonella spp. isolates although this difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05).

Conclusion

This study highlighted the presence of strains Enterobacteria resistant to many antimicrobials of therapeutic importance in healthy chickens. For the well-being of consumers, it is necessary to strengthen surveillance and prevention systems.