Background <p>The increasing importation of frozen poultry into Togo raises concerns about the microbiological safety and antimicrobial resistance of associated pathogens. Despite the public health risks posed by resistant foodborne bacteria, data on resistance profiles, resistance genes, and virulence factors in imported frozen chickens in Togo remain limited. This study aims to address this gap by characterizing these factors in pathogenic strains isolated from imported poultry.</p> Methods <p>A cross-sectional prospective study was undertaken to assess the microbiological quality and resistance profiles of imported poultry products. Samples were collected from seven cold storage facilities located within the Golfe prefecture of the Greater Lomé metropolitan area. In total, 285 poultry meat and cut samples were analyzed following standardized AFNOR microbiological protocols. Isolated <i>Salmonella</i> spp. and <i>Escherichia coli</i> strains underwent antibiotic susceptibility testing using the disk diffusion method, adhering to the guidelines established by the Comité de l’Antibiogramme de la Société Française de Microbiologie (CA-SFM). Furthermore, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays were employed to identify genetic determinants of antibiotic resistance and virulence factors in the bacterial isolates.</p> Results <p>Microbiological analysis revealed a prevalence of <i>Escherichia coli</i> of 32.98%, while <i>Salmonella</i> spp. were detected in 2.46% of the samples. Antibiotic susceptibility testing demonstrated resistance among isolates to several beta-lactams and quinolones. Specifically, resistance to cefoxitin was observed in 14.28% of strains, whereas resistance to cefalexin, cefuroxime, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, and nalidixic acid was uniformly detected at a prevalence of 28.57%. Among the <i>E. coli</i> isolates, 9.44% exhibited multidrug resistance to both beta-lactams and quinolones. Molecular characterization identified class 1 integrons in 17.6% of isolates, with gene cassettes predominantly harboring <i>aadA1</i> and <i>dfr1</i>, which encode resistance to streptomycin, spectinomycin, and trimethoprim. Notably, class 2 and class 3 integrons were absent. Additionally, the plasmid-mediated <i>qnrB</i> gene was detected in 5.9% of isolates. The study also documented the emergence of resistance to third-generation cephalosporins (C3G), primarily associated with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production, as evidenced by the presence of <i>blaCTX</i> (35.3%) and <i>blaTEM</i> (58.8%) genes among ESBL-producing strains.</p> Conclusions <p>This study reveals a notable presence of antimicrobial-resistant <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Salmonella</i> in imported frozen poultry in Togo, highlighting significant public health risks. The findings call for improved surveillance and stricter control measures to prevent the spread of resistant pathogens via the food supply.</p> Clinical trial number <p>Not applicable.</p>