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Background <p>Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with an increasing prevalence in children. Recent studies have suggested that the gut microbiota may play a significant role in the development of ADHD. However, the specific relationship between changes in intestinal bacteria and related metabolites in children with ADHD remains poorly understood.</p> Results <p>In this study, we illustrated the fecal microbiome, metabolome and lipidome, as well as plasma metabolome using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and LC–MS in 15 pairs of children with ADHD and healthy controls. Our results revealed imbalance of gut microbiota and dysregulation of metabolites in individuals with ADHD. Specifically, children with ADHD exhibited significantly lower abundance of the <i>Actinobacteria</i> phylum, particularly <i>Bifidobacterium</i>, <i>Corynebacterium</i> and <i>Actinomyces</i>, while <i>Veillonella</i> in the <i>Negativicutes</i> class showed significant high level. No children with ADHD were classified under enterotype 1, which was composed solely of healthy children. Integration of multi-omics data suggested that the <i>Bifidobacterium</i> genus, which is positively correlated with various neurotransmitter precursor amino acid metabolites, may contribute to ADHD by downregulating pathways involving dopaminergic, serotonergic and glutamatergic systems.</p> Conclusions <p>These findings highlight the crucial regulatory impact of gut microbiota in the development of ADHD through metabolic pathways, and provide a potential avenue to the diagnosis and intervention of ADHD.</p>

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Disruption of gut microbiome and metabolome in treatment-naïve children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月2日

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  • Dingding Han,
  • Yuanyuan Zhang,
  • Wenxin Liu,
  • Rujia Wan,
  • Jiaqi Hu,
  • Fen Pan,
  • Xiaozhou Pan,
  • Wenhao Weng,
  • Yu Wang,
  • Zhan Ma,
  • Hong Zhang,
  • Jinjin Chen

摘要

Background

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with an increasing prevalence in children. Recent studies have suggested that the gut microbiota may play a significant role in the development of ADHD. However, the specific relationship between changes in intestinal bacteria and related metabolites in children with ADHD remains poorly understood.

Results

In this study, we illustrated the fecal microbiome, metabolome and lipidome, as well as plasma metabolome using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and LC–MS in 15 pairs of children with ADHD and healthy controls. Our results revealed imbalance of gut microbiota and dysregulation of metabolites in individuals with ADHD. Specifically, children with ADHD exhibited significantly lower abundance of the Actinobacteria phylum, particularly Bifidobacterium, Corynebacterium and Actinomyces, while Veillonella in the Negativicutes class showed significant high level. No children with ADHD were classified under enterotype 1, which was composed solely of healthy children. Integration of multi-omics data suggested that the Bifidobacterium genus, which is positively correlated with various neurotransmitter precursor amino acid metabolites, may contribute to ADHD by downregulating pathways involving dopaminergic, serotonergic and glutamatergic systems.

Conclusions

These findings highlight the crucial regulatory impact of gut microbiota in the development of ADHD through metabolic pathways, and provide a potential avenue to the diagnosis and intervention of ADHD.