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Background <p><i>Aedes triseriatus </i>is an endemic North American mosquito and the primary vector of La Crosse virus, the etiologic agent of La Crosse encephalitis. This neuroinvasive disease is the leading cause of arboviral encephalitis in the United States and disproportionately affects pediatric populations. Despite its medical importance, the genomic architecture and vectorial capacity of <i>A. triseriatus</i> remain incompletely understood.</p> Results <p>We generated a chromosome-scale genome assembly and developmental transcriptome for <i>A. triseriatus</i> using an integrated approach combining PacBio long-read sequencing, Hi-C scaffolding, and Illumina sequencing technologies. The final assembly spans approximately 2.4 Gb, representing the largest mosquito genome reported to date, and consists of chromosome-sized scaffolds supported by Hi-C data and manual curation. Transcriptome profiling across larvae, pupae, and adult males and females revealed dynamic, stage-specific gene expression patterns associated with distinct physiological processes.</p> Conclusions <p>These genomic and transcriptomic resources provide a comprehensive foundation for investigating the molecular basis of La Crosse virus transmission, mosquito development, and vector–host interactions in <i>A. triseriatus</i>. The chromosome-scale assembly establishes an essential framework for future functional, evolutionary, and vector biology studies in this medically important species.</p>

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Chromosome-scale genome assembly and developmental transcriptome of Aedes triseriatus, vector of La Crosse virus

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月25日

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  • Erika Nishiduka,
  • Thomas Hill,
  • Brian Bonilla,
  • Lilian Caesar,
  • Paola Valenzuela Leon,
  • Osvaldo Marinotti,
  • Eric Calvo

摘要

Background

Aedes triseriatus is an endemic North American mosquito and the primary vector of La Crosse virus, the etiologic agent of La Crosse encephalitis. This neuroinvasive disease is the leading cause of arboviral encephalitis in the United States and disproportionately affects pediatric populations. Despite its medical importance, the genomic architecture and vectorial capacity of A. triseriatus remain incompletely understood.

Results

We generated a chromosome-scale genome assembly and developmental transcriptome for A. triseriatus using an integrated approach combining PacBio long-read sequencing, Hi-C scaffolding, and Illumina sequencing technologies. The final assembly spans approximately 2.4 Gb, representing the largest mosquito genome reported to date, and consists of chromosome-sized scaffolds supported by Hi-C data and manual curation. Transcriptome profiling across larvae, pupae, and adult males and females revealed dynamic, stage-specific gene expression patterns associated with distinct physiological processes.

Conclusions

These genomic and transcriptomic resources provide a comprehensive foundation for investigating the molecular basis of La Crosse virus transmission, mosquito development, and vector–host interactions in A. triseriatus. The chromosome-scale assembly establishes an essential framework for future functional, evolutionary, and vector biology studies in this medically important species.