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Background <p>Growth-regulating factors (GRFs) are transcription factors that exist only in plants. They are mainly responsible for regulating plant growth and development and play an important role in responding to abiotic stress. <i>Astragalus membranaceus</i> (<i>A. membranaceus</i>) is recognized as a significant medicinal plant, and its growth is often restricted by abiotic stresses such as cold. Although the GRF gene families have been recognized in diverse plant species, systematic studies on them in <i>A. membranaceus</i> are still lacking.</p> Result <p>Based on the whole-genome data of <i>A. membranaceus</i>, we identified 10 GRF gene family members (<i>AmeGRF1-AmeGRF9)</i>. Then, it analyzed their properties, phylogenetic evolution, conserved motifs, cis-acting elements, Synteny, and functional enrichment. Promoter analysis revealed that multiple <i>AmeGRF</i> members contain low-temperature response elements. Further qRT-PCR analysis revealed that <i>AmeGRF4</i> exhibited marked induction in response to cold stress, indicating its potential role in the cold adaptation of <i>A. membranaceus</i>.</p> Conclusions <p>This work sheds light on the biological functions and abiotic stress regulatory mechanisms mediated by GRF genes in <i>A. membranaceus</i>.</p>

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Genome-wide identification of the GRF gene family and response to cold stress in astragalus (Astragalus membranaceus)

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月27日

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  • Yonghong Long,
  • Jiajia Chen,
  • Zun Lv,
  • Yue Pan,
  • Ying Yu,
  • Xiaoxing Ma,
  • Dezhi Ma,
  • Ying Cui,
  • Keyong Zhang,
  • Jicheng Liu,
  • Ming Jiang,
  • Hui Li

摘要

Background

Growth-regulating factors (GRFs) are transcription factors that exist only in plants. They are mainly responsible for regulating plant growth and development and play an important role in responding to abiotic stress. Astragalus membranaceus (A. membranaceus) is recognized as a significant medicinal plant, and its growth is often restricted by abiotic stresses such as cold. Although the GRF gene families have been recognized in diverse plant species, systematic studies on them in A. membranaceus are still lacking.

Result

Based on the whole-genome data of A. membranaceus, we identified 10 GRF gene family members (AmeGRF1-AmeGRF9). Then, it analyzed their properties, phylogenetic evolution, conserved motifs, cis-acting elements, Synteny, and functional enrichment. Promoter analysis revealed that multiple AmeGRF members contain low-temperature response elements. Further qRT-PCR analysis revealed that AmeGRF4 exhibited marked induction in response to cold stress, indicating its potential role in the cold adaptation of A. membranaceus.

Conclusions

This work sheds light on the biological functions and abiotic stress regulatory mechanisms mediated by GRF genes in A. membranaceus.