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<p><i>Astragalus membranaceus,</i> a leguminous herb native to East Asia, is renowned for its rich content of bioactive compounds, particularly triterpenoid saponins and flavonoids, within its roots. Nuclear factor Y (NF-Y) is a key transcription factor family in eukaryotes, known to regulate abiotic stress responses in plants by binding to the CCAAT-box motif in promoter regions. Despite its significance, the <i>NF-Y</i> gene family has not been systematically identified in <i>A. membranaceus</i> prior to this study. Here, we identified 34 <i>AmNF-YC</i> genes from the <i>A. membranaceus</i> genome and characterized their gene lengths, domain architectures, and amino acid sizes. Phylogenetic analysis classified the <i>AmNF-YC</i> members into three distinct subfamilies (I, II, and III). Notably, proteins within the same clade exhibited conserved motif structures, suggesting that evolutionary relatedness may reflect functional similarities. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment assigned the <i>AmNF-YC</i> genes to 23 functional categories, indicating substantial functional diversification despite the presence of conserved protein motifs. Furthermore, based on cis-acting element analysis, we investigated the responses of <i>AmNF-YC</i> genes to methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatment. Six <i>AmNF-YC</i> promoters contained MeJA-responsive elements, and <i>NF-YC</i> genes regulated by MeJA exhibited significantly upregulated expression following MeJA treatment. This study provides the first comprehensive identification and characterization of the <i>NF-YC</i> gene family in <i>A. membranaceus</i>, establishing a foundation for future research on their roles in biological processes and stress signaling pathways.</p>

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Exploring the NF-YC gene family in Astragalus membranaceus: characterization, evolutionary relationships, and expression pattern analysis under MeJA treatment

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月6日

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  • Shengping Hu,
  • Jun Fei,
  • Yanghui Jin,
  • Jinping Hu,
  • Shiyuan Shi,
  • Tianyi Cao

摘要

Astragalus membranaceus, a leguminous herb native to East Asia, is renowned for its rich content of bioactive compounds, particularly triterpenoid saponins and flavonoids, within its roots. Nuclear factor Y (NF-Y) is a key transcription factor family in eukaryotes, known to regulate abiotic stress responses in plants by binding to the CCAAT-box motif in promoter regions. Despite its significance, the NF-Y gene family has not been systematically identified in A. membranaceus prior to this study. Here, we identified 34 AmNF-YC genes from the A. membranaceus genome and characterized their gene lengths, domain architectures, and amino acid sizes. Phylogenetic analysis classified the AmNF-YC members into three distinct subfamilies (I, II, and III). Notably, proteins within the same clade exhibited conserved motif structures, suggesting that evolutionary relatedness may reflect functional similarities. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment assigned the AmNF-YC genes to 23 functional categories, indicating substantial functional diversification despite the presence of conserved protein motifs. Furthermore, based on cis-acting element analysis, we investigated the responses of AmNF-YC genes to methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatment. Six AmNF-YC promoters contained MeJA-responsive elements, and NF-YC genes regulated by MeJA exhibited significantly upregulated expression following MeJA treatment. This study provides the first comprehensive identification and characterization of the NF-YC gene family in A. membranaceus, establishing a foundation for future research on their roles in biological processes and stress signaling pathways.