Background <p>Evasion of apoptosis is a major cause of therapy failure in lymphoma. We studied a covalent compound 6u with an α, β-saturated carbonyl group derived from the diuretic drug ethacrynic acid to induce apoptosis of lymphoma cells by targeting antiapoptotic proteins.</p> Results <p>We found that 6u induces apoptosis in 4 lymphoma cell lines, Daudi, Romas, Jeko-1 and Jurkat, accompanied by down-regulation of c-Flip and Mcl-1, as well as upregulation of Noxa. The down-regulation of Mcl-1 relies on Noxa induction and that the down-regulation of c-Flip is mediated by inhibiting protein synthesis pathway through covalent binding to mTOR complexes. Overexpression of c-Flip and silencing Noxa attenuate 6u-induced apoptosis. 6u modified with the saturated carbonyl structure loses the mTOR inhibition and apoptosis induction abilities. 6u exhibits potent anti-lymphoma effects in mantle cell lymphoma Jeko-1 xenografts without causing toxicity.</p> Conclusion <p>6u functions as an apoptosis inducer through the α, β-saturated carbonyl group to decrease c-Flip and to induce Noxa. 6u represents a new type of covalent agent for targeting lymphoma by inducing apoptosis.</p>

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Ethacrynic Oxadiazole 6u Induces Apoptosis by Targeting mTOR/c-Flip Axis and Noxa in Lymphoma Cells

  • Yafei Kuang,
  • Shuoyan Feng,
  • Jinxiao Sun,
  • Zhuomin Tan,
  • Xuan Bao,
  • Yongmi Huang,
  • Yuetong Wang,
  • Ping Gong,
  • Samuel Waxman,
  • Guisen Zhao,
  • Jingyi Zhang,
  • Yongkui Jing

摘要

Background

Evasion of apoptosis is a major cause of therapy failure in lymphoma. We studied a covalent compound 6u with an α, β-saturated carbonyl group derived from the diuretic drug ethacrynic acid to induce apoptosis of lymphoma cells by targeting antiapoptotic proteins.

Results

We found that 6u induces apoptosis in 4 lymphoma cell lines, Daudi, Romas, Jeko-1 and Jurkat, accompanied by down-regulation of c-Flip and Mcl-1, as well as upregulation of Noxa. The down-regulation of Mcl-1 relies on Noxa induction and that the down-regulation of c-Flip is mediated by inhibiting protein synthesis pathway through covalent binding to mTOR complexes. Overexpression of c-Flip and silencing Noxa attenuate 6u-induced apoptosis. 6u modified with the saturated carbonyl structure loses the mTOR inhibition and apoptosis induction abilities. 6u exhibits potent anti-lymphoma effects in mantle cell lymphoma Jeko-1 xenografts without causing toxicity.

Conclusion

6u functions as an apoptosis inducer through the α, β-saturated carbonyl group to decrease c-Flip and to induce Noxa. 6u represents a new type of covalent agent for targeting lymphoma by inducing apoptosis.