Urban freight micro-regulation: accounting for the heterogeneity of logistics practices in the city
摘要
Urban population growth and rising demand for goods—especially from e-commerce—have intensified pressure on city transport systems. Freight vehicles, which make frequent stops and require curbside access, add delays to already congested streets, making their presence highly controversial even though they are essential to urban economies. Local authorities must manage competing uses of limited street space, yet their decisions often rely on incomplete data: standard traffic counts rarely capture the specific behavior of freight transport. As a result, freight policies are often generic, slow to adapt, and constrained by resource limits and misaligned stakeholder interests. The main question we address here is whether policies and regulations should adapt to the specific type of street and delivery practice. Because urban freight includes diverse supply chains, vehicle types, and delivery conditions, city-wide rules may overlook important differences, especially for parking and unloading. Using detailed survey data from Seville, this study finds that the same regulations do not necessarily work equally in all types of situations and identifies distinct freight operation patterns offering guidance for designing parking regulations that account for this variability, with insights applicable to similar cities.