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<p>Climate change poses numerous challenges to agriculture, and enhancing agricultural ecological efficiency (AEE) is becoming an important means of addressing climate change and achieving Sustainable Development Goals in Agriculture. Therefore this paper measures the AEE, analyzes its spatial and temporal evolution, explores its influencing factors, and draws the following conclusions: (1) The average value of AEE of each province from 2012 to 2024 shows a dynamic evolution trend of "first decline and then rise", and began to rebound in 2016, and most provinces in the eastern region have low efficiency, while the western and northeastern regions have high efficiency, and the regional differences are obvious, which are closely related to the status of agricultural inputs and eco-management of each region. (2) The persistent bimodal pattern revealed by kernel density estimation indicates pronounced regional disparities across China. Notably, the Northeast region exhibits a high-density, unimodal kernel density curve, reflecting the significant promotional effect of policy support and technological application on the region’s protective agricultural eco-efficiency. (3) In all regions, environmental regulations exhibit an inverted U-shaped trend on agricultural eco-efficiency, yet significant regional heterogeneity exists. In eastern, central, and western regions, the first-order term of environmental regulations shows a positive trend, while the second-order term displays a negative trend. This indicates that environmental regulations exert an inverted-U-shaped influence on AEE, though the relationship fails to pass the significance test in the central region. Across the entire sample, a positive U-shaped nonlinear relationship exists between digital inclusive finance and AEE. In central regions, the relationship between digital inclusive finance and AEE exhibits an inverted U-shape, while in northeastern, eastern, and western regions, it follows a U-shape. Notably, in the eastern and northeastern regions only, the relationship between digital inclusive finance and AEE is statistically significant.</p>

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Exploring the role of environmental regulation and digital inclusive finance in agriculture ecological efficiency

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月3日

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  • Dandan Xiao,
  • Jinwang Liu

摘要

Climate change poses numerous challenges to agriculture, and enhancing agricultural ecological efficiency (AEE) is becoming an important means of addressing climate change and achieving Sustainable Development Goals in Agriculture. Therefore this paper measures the AEE, analyzes its spatial and temporal evolution, explores its influencing factors, and draws the following conclusions: (1) The average value of AEE of each province from 2012 to 2024 shows a dynamic evolution trend of "first decline and then rise", and began to rebound in 2016, and most provinces in the eastern region have low efficiency, while the western and northeastern regions have high efficiency, and the regional differences are obvious, which are closely related to the status of agricultural inputs and eco-management of each region. (2) The persistent bimodal pattern revealed by kernel density estimation indicates pronounced regional disparities across China. Notably, the Northeast region exhibits a high-density, unimodal kernel density curve, reflecting the significant promotional effect of policy support and technological application on the region’s protective agricultural eco-efficiency. (3) In all regions, environmental regulations exhibit an inverted U-shaped trend on agricultural eco-efficiency, yet significant regional heterogeneity exists. In eastern, central, and western regions, the first-order term of environmental regulations shows a positive trend, while the second-order term displays a negative trend. This indicates that environmental regulations exert an inverted-U-shaped influence on AEE, though the relationship fails to pass the significance test in the central region. Across the entire sample, a positive U-shaped nonlinear relationship exists between digital inclusive finance and AEE. In central regions, the relationship between digital inclusive finance and AEE exhibits an inverted U-shape, while in northeastern, eastern, and western regions, it follows a U-shape. Notably, in the eastern and northeastern regions only, the relationship between digital inclusive finance and AEE is statistically significant.