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Background <p>Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy among women worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the impact of long-term fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) exposure on breast cancer incidence in a cohort of 281,152 women from the China Kadoorie Biobank who were initially free of breast cancer.</p> Results <p>PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentrations were estimated using a high-resolution satellite-based model, and breast cancer cases were ascertained through national databases. Over a median follow-up of 11.12&#xa0;years, 2393 new breast cancer cases were reported. Analyses using Cox proportional hazard and restricted cubic spline models demonstrated a non-linear association between PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure and breast cancer incidence, with a marked increase in risk observed once PM<sub>2.5</sub>surpassed 53.6&#xa0;μg/m<sup>3</sup>. For every 10&#xa0;μg/m<sup>3</sup> increase in PM<sub>2.5</sub>, the hazard ratio for breast cancer incidence was 1.07 (95% confidence interval: 1.03–1.12). Furthermore, interactions were noted between PM<sub>2.5</sub>, physical activity, and life satisfaction, indicating that high pollution levels may diminish the protective benefits of exercise and positive psychological well-being.</p> Conclusions <p>These findings highlight the need for stringent air pollution control measures and underscore the importance of integrated strategies that consider environmental, lifestyle, and psychological factors to reduce the burden of breast cancer.</p>

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Long-term exposure to fine particulate matter interacting with individual conditions increase breast cancer incidence: a large-scale Chinese cohort

  • 期刊论文

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月26日

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  • Yue Sun,
  • Xia Meng,
  • Dong Sun,
  • Jian-yi Zhao,
  • Canqing Yu,
  • Meng Zhu,
  • Liang Shi,
  • Mingyi Sang,
  • Ling Yang,
  • Yiping Chen,
  • Huaidong Du,
  • Zhengming Chen,
  • Hongbing Shen,
  • Liming Li,
  • Jun Lv,
  • Haidong Kan,
  • Qiang Ding,
  • Dianjianyi Sun,
  • Junshi Chen,
  • Robert Clarke,
  • Rory Collins,
  • Yu Guo,
  • Richard Peto,
  • Robin Walters,
  • Daniel Avery,
  • Ruth Boxall,
  • Derrick Bennett,
  • Yumei Chang,
  • Robert Clarke,
  • Simon Gilbert,
  • Alex Hacker,
  • Mike Hill,
  • Michael Holmes,
  • Andri Iona,
  • Christiana Kartsonaki,
  • Rene Kerosi,
  • Ling Kong,
  • Om Kurmi,
  • Garry Lancaster,
  • Sarah Lewington,
  • Kuang Lin,
  • John McDonnell,
  • Iona Millwood,
  • Qunhua Nie,
  • Jayakrishnan Radhakrishnan,
  • Paul Ryder,
  • Sam Sansome,
  • Dan Schmidt,
  • Paul Sherliker,
  • Rajani Sohoni,
  • Becky Stevens,
  • Iain Turnbull,
  • Robin Walters,
  • Jenny Wang,
  • Lin Wang,
  • Neil Wright,
  • Xiaoming Yang,
  • Zheng Bian,
  • Yu Guo,
  • Xiao Han,
  • Can Hou,
  • Pei Pei,
  • Chao Liu,
  • Zengchang Pang,
  • Ruqin Gao,
  • Shanpeng Li,
  • Shaojie Wang,
  • Yongmei Liu,
  • Ranran Du,
  • Yajing Zang,
  • Liang Cheng,
  • Xiaocao Tian,
  • Hua Zhang,
  • Yaoming Zhai,
  • Feng Ning,
  • Xiaohui Sun,
  • Feifei Li,
  • Silu Lv,
  • Junzheng Wang,
  • Wei Hou,
  • Mingyuan Zeng,
  • Ge Jiang,
  • Xue Zhou,
  • Liqiu Yang,
  • Hui He,
  • Bo Yu,
  • Yanjie Li,
  • Qinai Xu,
  • Quan Kang,
  • Ziyan Guo,
  • Dan Wang,
  • Ximin Hu,
  • Jinyan Chen,
  • Yan Fu,
  • Zhenwang Fu,
  • Xiaohuan Wang,
  • Min Weng,
  • Zhendong Guo,
  • Shukuan Wu,
  • Yilei Li,
  • Huimei Li,
  • Zhifang Fu,
  • Ming Wu,
  • Yonglin Zhou,
  • Jinyi Zhou,
  • Ran Tao,
  • Jie Yang,
  • Jian Su,
  • Fang Liu,
  • Jun Zhang,
  • Yihe Hu,
  • Yan Lu,
  • Liangcai Ma,
  • Aiyu Tang,
  • Shuo Zhang,
  • Jianrong Jin,
  • Jingchao Liu,
  • Zhenzhu Tang,
  • Naying Chen,
  • Ying Huang,
  • Mingqiang Li,
  • Jinhuai Meng,
  • Rong Pan,
  • Qilian Jiang,
  • Jian Lan,
  • Yun Liu,
  • Liuping Wei,
  • Liyuan Zhou,
  • Ningyu Chen Ping Wang,
  • Fanwen Meng,
  • Yulu Qin,
  • Sisi Wang,
  • Xianping Wu,
  • Ningmei Zhang,
  • Xiaofang Chen,
  • Weiwei Zhou,
  • Guojin Luo,
  • Jianguo Li,
  • Xiaofang Chen,
  • Xunfu Zhong,
  • Jiaqiu Liu,
  • Qiang Sun,
  • Pengfei Ge,
  • Xiaolan Ren,
  • Caixia Dong,
  • Hui Zhang,
  • Enke Mao,
  • Xiaoping Wang,
  • Tao Wang,
  • Xi Zhang,
  • Ding Zhang,
  • Gang Zhou,
  • Shixian Feng,
  • Liang Chang,
  • Lei Fan,
  • Yulian Gao,
  • Tianyou He,
  • Huarong Sun,
  • Pan He,
  • Chen Hu,
  • Xukui Zhang,
  • Huifang Wu,
  • Pan He,
  • Min Yu,
  • Ruying Hu,
  • Hao Wang,
  • Yijian Qian,
  • Chunmei Wang,
  • Kaixu Xie,
  • Lingli Chen,
  • Yidan Zhang,
  • Dongxia Pan,
  • Qijun Gu,
  • Yuelong Huang,
  • Biyun Chen,
  • Li Yin,
  • Huilin Liu,
  • Zhongxi Fu,
  • Qiaohua Xu,
  • Xin Xu,
  • Hao Zhang,
  • Huajun Long,
  • Xianzhi Li,
  • Libo Zhang,
  • Zhe Qiu

摘要

Background

Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy among women worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the impact of long-term fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure on breast cancer incidence in a cohort of 281,152 women from the China Kadoorie Biobank who were initially free of breast cancer.

Results

PM2.5 concentrations were estimated using a high-resolution satellite-based model, and breast cancer cases were ascertained through national databases. Over a median follow-up of 11.12 years, 2393 new breast cancer cases were reported. Analyses using Cox proportional hazard and restricted cubic spline models demonstrated a non-linear association between PM2.5 exposure and breast cancer incidence, with a marked increase in risk observed once PM2.5surpassed 53.6 μg/m3. For every 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5, the hazard ratio for breast cancer incidence was 1.07 (95% confidence interval: 1.03–1.12). Furthermore, interactions were noted between PM2.5, physical activity, and life satisfaction, indicating that high pollution levels may diminish the protective benefits of exercise and positive psychological well-being.

Conclusions

These findings highlight the need for stringent air pollution control measures and underscore the importance of integrated strategies that consider environmental, lifestyle, and psychological factors to reduce the burden of breast cancer.