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<p>High seed vigor is an important trait for successful seed germination and seedling establishment in rice. However, the underlying regulatory mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we identified the stress associated protein gene <i>OsSAP3</i> as a key regulator of seed vigor. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis revealed that <i>OsSAP3</i> is highly expressed during seed development and germination, with its expression further induced by abscisic acid (ABA) during germination. Knockout of <i>OsSAP3</i> resulted in reduced reserve mobilization capacity during rice seed germination, elevated expression levels of ABA signaling transduction genes, and enhanced sensitivity to ABA, ultimately leading to decreased seed vigor. Meanwhile, <i>Ossap3</i> seeds narrowed the appropriate germination temperature range, which is due to their lower endogenous hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) levels. Exogenous H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> treatment could restore the seed vigor of <i>Ossap3</i> by accelerating ABA degradation, suppressing ABA signaling, and enhancing starch mobilization via α-amylase-mediated hydrolysis to increase soluble metabolites. These regulatory mechanisms mediated by <i>OsSAP3</i> are crucial for enhancing rice seed vigor and broadening temperature adaptability during seed germination, providing critical insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying seed vigor regulation.</p>

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OsSAP3 Enhances Rice Seed Vigor by Modulating Hydrogen Peroxide Homeostasis

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月13日

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  • Qingshan Mu,
  • Yihan Liu,
  • Xuefan Wu,
  • Min Chen,
  • Jin Hu,
  • Fengpei Qiao,
  • Weimin Hu,
  • Wenjian Song,
  • Yajing Guan

摘要

High seed vigor is an important trait for successful seed germination and seedling establishment in rice. However, the underlying regulatory mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we identified the stress associated protein gene OsSAP3 as a key regulator of seed vigor. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis revealed that OsSAP3 is highly expressed during seed development and germination, with its expression further induced by abscisic acid (ABA) during germination. Knockout of OsSAP3 resulted in reduced reserve mobilization capacity during rice seed germination, elevated expression levels of ABA signaling transduction genes, and enhanced sensitivity to ABA, ultimately leading to decreased seed vigor. Meanwhile, Ossap3 seeds narrowed the appropriate germination temperature range, which is due to their lower endogenous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels. Exogenous H2O2 treatment could restore the seed vigor of Ossap3 by accelerating ABA degradation, suppressing ABA signaling, and enhancing starch mobilization via α-amylase-mediated hydrolysis to increase soluble metabolites. These regulatory mechanisms mediated by OsSAP3 are crucial for enhancing rice seed vigor and broadening temperature adaptability during seed germination, providing critical insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying seed vigor regulation.