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<p>Salt stress severely limits rice productivity, and plant–microbial interaction offer a sustainable solution. This study investigated the molecular mechanisms by which <i>Rhodobium marinum</i> RH-AZ treatment enhances salt tolerance in salt-sensitive cultivar 9311 and moderately salt-tolerant cultivar 3931 rice cultivars. An integrated transcriptomic and physiological analysis revealed that RH-AZ treatment significantly alleviated salt-induced growth inhibition and oxidative damage in both cultivars. Crucially, the regulatory mechanisms exhibited distinct cultivar-dependent patterns. In the moderately tolerant cultivar 3931, RH-AZ treatment mobilized a broader array of stress-responsive genes and optimized the trade-off between growth and defense by modulating the IAA/ABA balance and fine-tuning JA/SA signaling. In contrast, the salt-sensitive cultivar 9311 showed a more limited transcriptional response with less effective hormonal regulation. Furthermore, Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) identified a core module associated with diterpenoid biosynthesis as a key conserved pathway enhanced by RH-AZ traetment. Collectively, these findings suggest that RH-AZ treatment enhances rice salt stress adaptation by integrating basal defense potentiation, hormonal homeostasis fine-tuning, and secondary metabolism activation, with the moderately tolerant cultivar 3931 possessing a superior genetic plasticity to leverage these microbial stimuli.</p>

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Molecular Mechanisms of Growth and Salt Tolerance in Diverse Rice Cultivars Balanced by Rhodobium marinum RH-AZ

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月8日

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  • Cheng Xu,
  • Yang Gao,
  • Tao Tang,
  • Xiao Xie,
  • Junjie Chen,
  • Deyong Zhang,
  • Jing Peng,
  • Qianjun Tang

摘要

Salt stress severely limits rice productivity, and plant–microbial interaction offer a sustainable solution. This study investigated the molecular mechanisms by which Rhodobium marinum RH-AZ treatment enhances salt tolerance in salt-sensitive cultivar 9311 and moderately salt-tolerant cultivar 3931 rice cultivars. An integrated transcriptomic and physiological analysis revealed that RH-AZ treatment significantly alleviated salt-induced growth inhibition and oxidative damage in both cultivars. Crucially, the regulatory mechanisms exhibited distinct cultivar-dependent patterns. In the moderately tolerant cultivar 3931, RH-AZ treatment mobilized a broader array of stress-responsive genes and optimized the trade-off between growth and defense by modulating the IAA/ABA balance and fine-tuning JA/SA signaling. In contrast, the salt-sensitive cultivar 9311 showed a more limited transcriptional response with less effective hormonal regulation. Furthermore, Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) identified a core module associated with diterpenoid biosynthesis as a key conserved pathway enhanced by RH-AZ traetment. Collectively, these findings suggest that RH-AZ treatment enhances rice salt stress adaptation by integrating basal defense potentiation, hormonal homeostasis fine-tuning, and secondary metabolism activation, with the moderately tolerant cultivar 3931 possessing a superior genetic plasticity to leverage these microbial stimuli.