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Background <p>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex and heterogeneous metabolic disorder that affects 6–20% of women of reproductive age. However, research on the lactylation-modified proteome in PCOS remains limited.</p> Methods <p>This study included 30 patients with PCOS and 30 control subjects, all of whom underwent intracytoplasmic sperm injection or in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer treatments at the fertility center between October 2022 and May 2023. A 4-dimensional label-free proteomic quantitation method was applied to analyze enzymatically digested peptide fragments of granulosa cell proteins. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry was used for protein identification and quantification.</p> Results <p>Bioinformatics analysis of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) and differentially lactylated proteins identified 1057 DEPs between the two groups. Among these, 478 proteins were upregulated, and 579 were downregulated in the PCOS group. Regarding lactylation modifications, 668 proteins exhibited increased lactylation levels, while 1059 proteins indicated decreased lactylation levels in the PCOS group. Additionally, site-level analysis revealed 1041 upregulated and 2143 downregulated lactylation sites in the PCOS group.</p> Conclusions <p>This study provides a comprehensive quantitative overview of proteomic and lactylation-modified proteomic expression profiles in granulosa cells from patients with PCOS, offering novel insights into PCOS research. Further research is needed to clarify the specific roles of protein lactylation in PCOS pathogenesis.</p>

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Comprehensive analysis of proteomics and lactylation proteomics in ovarian granulosa cells of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月24日

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  • Li Liu,
  • Qian Gao,
  • Jingyu Huang,
  • Yu Qian,
  • Kailu Liu,
  • Yun Tong,
  • Yaqiong Zeng,
  • Yueyi Li,
  • Yunteng Liang,
  • Yanli Hong,
  • Huifang Zhou,
  • Xiaowei Nie

摘要

Background

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex and heterogeneous metabolic disorder that affects 6–20% of women of reproductive age. However, research on the lactylation-modified proteome in PCOS remains limited.

Methods

This study included 30 patients with PCOS and 30 control subjects, all of whom underwent intracytoplasmic sperm injection or in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer treatments at the fertility center between October 2022 and May 2023. A 4-dimensional label-free proteomic quantitation method was applied to analyze enzymatically digested peptide fragments of granulosa cell proteins. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry was used for protein identification and quantification.

Results

Bioinformatics analysis of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) and differentially lactylated proteins identified 1057 DEPs between the two groups. Among these, 478 proteins were upregulated, and 579 were downregulated in the PCOS group. Regarding lactylation modifications, 668 proteins exhibited increased lactylation levels, while 1059 proteins indicated decreased lactylation levels in the PCOS group. Additionally, site-level analysis revealed 1041 upregulated and 2143 downregulated lactylation sites in the PCOS group.

Conclusions

This study provides a comprehensive quantitative overview of proteomic and lactylation-modified proteomic expression profiles in granulosa cells from patients with PCOS, offering novel insights into PCOS research. Further research is needed to clarify the specific roles of protein lactylation in PCOS pathogenesis.