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<p>A sustainable method was developed to synthesize zinc-coordinated lignin nanoparticles (LNP-Zn) from lignin derived from sugarcane bagasse, without the use of stabilizers. The direct coordination of Zn<sup>2+</sup> within the lignin matrix creates a unique hybrid nanomaterial with several functions. At neutral pH, LNP-Zn had a mean particle size of 141.14&#xa0;nm and a zeta potential of -30.41 mV, showing strong colloidal stability. BET analysis revealed a mesoporous structure with 37.16 m<sup>2</sup>/g surface area and 0.2858&#xa0;cm³/g pore volume. XPS confirmed Zn<sup>+</sup> coordination through oxygenated lignin moieties, while FTIR showed novel Zn-O functional groups having high thermal stability. XRD revealed that the LNP is amorphous, with a crystallite size of 0.42&#xa0;nm. LNP-Zn demonstrated stronger antioxidant activity (IC<sub>50</sub> 21.26 ± 0.67&#xa0;µg/mL), UV-shielding (SPF 23.87 ± 1.21), and efficient dye degradation. LNP-Zn showed remarkable biocompatibility (91.58 ± 2.08% viability of HEK-293 cells at 1000&#xa0;mg/l) and dose-dependent cytotoxicity at high concentrations, indicating limited intrinsic anticancer activity and primarily supporting a biocompatible profile. Moreover, LNP-Zn boosted plant growth with a 189.17 ± 7.97% root enhancement in <i>Vigna radiata</i> (L.) R. Wilczek. Despite these promising results, further studies are needed to elucidate long-term biological safety, environmental fate, and the mechanisms underlying Zn-lignin interactions.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Facile synthesis of zinc-coordinated lignin nanoparticles derived from sugarcane bagasse waste biomass for sustainable bioactive composites

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月5日

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  • Gaurav Singh,
  • Abhishek Verma,
  • Ankit Srivastava,
  • Subash Chandra Gupta,
  • Dalia Dasgupta Mandal

摘要

A sustainable method was developed to synthesize zinc-coordinated lignin nanoparticles (LNP-Zn) from lignin derived from sugarcane bagasse, without the use of stabilizers. The direct coordination of Zn2+ within the lignin matrix creates a unique hybrid nanomaterial with several functions. At neutral pH, LNP-Zn had a mean particle size of 141.14 nm and a zeta potential of -30.41 mV, showing strong colloidal stability. BET analysis revealed a mesoporous structure with 37.16 m2/g surface area and 0.2858 cm³/g pore volume. XPS confirmed Zn+ coordination through oxygenated lignin moieties, while FTIR showed novel Zn-O functional groups having high thermal stability. XRD revealed that the LNP is amorphous, with a crystallite size of 0.42 nm. LNP-Zn demonstrated stronger antioxidant activity (IC50 21.26 ± 0.67 µg/mL), UV-shielding (SPF 23.87 ± 1.21), and efficient dye degradation. LNP-Zn showed remarkable biocompatibility (91.58 ± 2.08% viability of HEK-293 cells at 1000 mg/l) and dose-dependent cytotoxicity at high concentrations, indicating limited intrinsic anticancer activity and primarily supporting a biocompatible profile. Moreover, LNP-Zn boosted plant growth with a 189.17 ± 7.97% root enhancement in Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek. Despite these promising results, further studies are needed to elucidate long-term biological safety, environmental fate, and the mechanisms underlying Zn-lignin interactions.

Graphical abstract