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<p>This study reports the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using <i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> var. cerasiforme (SLC) leaves extract as a natural reducing and stabilizing agent under direct sunlight for just only 3&#xa0;min. The main objective was to develop a rapid, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly method to fabricate SLC-functionalized AgNPs (SLC-AgNPs) for dual applications: highly selective colorimetric detection of mercury ions (Hg<sup>2</sup>⁺) and photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV–Vis, FTIR, XRD, SEM, EDX, and DLS, confirming their spherical shape (~ 38&#xa0;nm), crystalline structure, and stable surface functionalization. The SLC-AgNPs exhibited exceptional selectivity for Hg<sup>2</sup>⁺ through a redox reaction mechanism, enabling colorimetric sensing with a low detection limit of 37.7&#xa0;nM and a linear response range of 40–180&#xa0;nM. Detection of Hg<sup>2</sup>⁺ in real river and tap water samples validated the sensor’s practical applicability, with recoveries above 85%. In addition to sensing, the SLC-AgNPs demonstrated significant photocatalytic efficiency, degrading 83.4% of MB dye within 80&#xa0;min of sunlight exposure, following pseudo-first-order kinetics with an activation energy of 35.02&#xa0;kJ/mol. This dual- functionality capability highlights the novelty of the green synthesized SLC-AgNPs as an eco-friendly nanomaterial that combines sensitive heavy metal detection with effective dye degradation. These findings suggest promising potential for SLC-AgNPs in sustainable environmental monitoring and wastewater treatment, bridging cost-efficiency with high-performance nanotechnology.</p>

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Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Solanum lycopersicum leaves extract for highly selective detection of mercury ions and photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月19日

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  • Tooba,
  • Nasir Assad,
  • Marzia Batool Laila,
  • Rao Muhammad Faisal Iqbal,
  • Laiba Manahil,
  • Jamshed Iqbal,
  • Muhammad Naeem-ul-Hassan,
  • Anusha Khuram,
  • Yasir Assad,
  • Muhammad Nauman Khan,
  • Shabab Hussain,
  • Alevcan Kaplan,
  • Amal M. Al-Mohaimeed,
  • Islem Abid

摘要

This study reports the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme (SLC) leaves extract as a natural reducing and stabilizing agent under direct sunlight for just only 3 min. The main objective was to develop a rapid, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly method to fabricate SLC-functionalized AgNPs (SLC-AgNPs) for dual applications: highly selective colorimetric detection of mercury ions (Hg2⁺) and photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV–Vis, FTIR, XRD, SEM, EDX, and DLS, confirming their spherical shape (~ 38 nm), crystalline structure, and stable surface functionalization. The SLC-AgNPs exhibited exceptional selectivity for Hg2⁺ through a redox reaction mechanism, enabling colorimetric sensing with a low detection limit of 37.7 nM and a linear response range of 40–180 nM. Detection of Hg2⁺ in real river and tap water samples validated the sensor’s practical applicability, with recoveries above 85%. In addition to sensing, the SLC-AgNPs demonstrated significant photocatalytic efficiency, degrading 83.4% of MB dye within 80 min of sunlight exposure, following pseudo-first-order kinetics with an activation energy of 35.02 kJ/mol. This dual- functionality capability highlights the novelty of the green synthesized SLC-AgNPs as an eco-friendly nanomaterial that combines sensitive heavy metal detection with effective dye degradation. These findings suggest promising potential for SLC-AgNPs in sustainable environmental monitoring and wastewater treatment, bridging cost-efficiency with high-performance nanotechnology.