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<p>Electronic control suspension (ECS) systems are of significance to ride comfort and handling stability of ground vehicles. However, ECS systems may pose unreasonable safety risks due to performance inadequacies or improper use by drivers, which are referred to as safety of the intended functionality (SOTIF) issues. Aiming to address the inadequate performance of the ECS system, this study proposes a model predictive control (MPC) method, with a particular focus on ensuring SOTIF. First, Systems theoretic process analysis (STPA) is utilized to assess the SOTIF of the ECS system and the ECS system control architecture is built. Then, Models including the input model, lateral and vertical coupled dynamics model, and nonlinear actuator model are established. In addition, an MPC strategy with explicit dynamic constraints is designed, incorporating the dynamic mechanical performance boundaries of ECS actuators into the constraints of the controller. Subsequently, a hardware-in-the-loop testing platform is constructed for the ECS system to conduct simulation experiments under various operating conditions. Results demonstrate that the designed control strategy effectively mitigates performance inadequacies of the suspension system, significantly enhancing its overall functionality and safety.</p>

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SOTIF-Based Analysis and Design of Control Strategies for Controllable Suspension Systems of Automobiles

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月9日

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  • Xianxu Bai,
  • Kehe Nie,
  • Haowei Sun,
  • Anding Zhu,
  • Haoxuan Dong,
  • Di Wu

摘要

Electronic control suspension (ECS) systems are of significance to ride comfort and handling stability of ground vehicles. However, ECS systems may pose unreasonable safety risks due to performance inadequacies or improper use by drivers, which are referred to as safety of the intended functionality (SOTIF) issues. Aiming to address the inadequate performance of the ECS system, this study proposes a model predictive control (MPC) method, with a particular focus on ensuring SOTIF. First, Systems theoretic process analysis (STPA) is utilized to assess the SOTIF of the ECS system and the ECS system control architecture is built. Then, Models including the input model, lateral and vertical coupled dynamics model, and nonlinear actuator model are established. In addition, an MPC strategy with explicit dynamic constraints is designed, incorporating the dynamic mechanical performance boundaries of ECS actuators into the constraints of the controller. Subsequently, a hardware-in-the-loop testing platform is constructed for the ECS system to conduct simulation experiments under various operating conditions. Results demonstrate that the designed control strategy effectively mitigates performance inadequacies of the suspension system, significantly enhancing its overall functionality and safety.