Phototrophic Microorganisms in the Global Bioeconomy: Advances, Barriers, and Regional Perspectives
摘要
This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the role of phototrophic microorganisms (microalgae and cyanobacteria) in the emerging global bioeconomy based on the latest scientific data and market trends. The work sequentially considers the key application sectors: production of food products and nutraceuticals; feed for aquaculture and livestock; biofertilizers and biostimulants; valuable compounds for cosmetics, medicine, and pharmaceuticals; and biofuels and bioproducts. Each section analyzes current technologies, economic and regulatory barriers, successfully implemented applications and prospects for development of the industry. Particular attention is paid to highlighting the unique features and opportunities for the Russian Federation within each area, such as the potential for the import substitution of feed additives and biofertilizers, the use of industrial CO2 emissions and wastewater, the development of technologies for cold climates, as well as existing scientific groundwork. The review emphasizes the need to adapt global trends to regional conditions for sustainable development of the bioeconomy based on phototrophic microorganisms.