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Abstract <p>A qualitative assessment of the adaptive reactions of the pine needles pigment complex under conditions of various types of industrial pollution of the South Ural region is given. The study area: Sterlitamak Industrial Center (SIC, aerotechnogenic polymetallic pollution), Karabash Copper Smelting Plant (KCSP, aerotechnogenic polymetallic pollution combined with sulfur dioxide), Uchaly Mining and Processing Plant (UMPP, polymetallic pollution in the conditions of dumps of copper-pyrite mining industry), Kumertau brown coal mine (KBCM, polymetallic pollution in the conditions of dumps of brown coal industry), Ufa Industrial Center (UIC, aerotechnogenic petrochemical pollution). The pigment complex balance under UMPP conditions and imbalance under SIC, KCSP, KBCM and UIC conditions is shown, which is expressed in the lack of coherence between the adaptive reactions of pigments and pigment ratios. The consistency between adaptive reactions of pigments and pigment ratios under UMPP conditions and the lack of consistency under SIC, KCSP, KBCM, and UIC conditions is shown. Despite the lack of consistency, a common adaptive reaction is clearly distinguished for each industrial center: in the SIC and KCSP, the pigment complex is characterized by a “neutral” adaptive reaction; in the KBCM, by a “moderately tolerant” adaptive reaction; in the UIC, by a “tolerant” adaptive reaction; in the UMPP, by a “moderately stressful” adaptive reaction. According to the degree of increase in imbalance in the pigment complex, the industrial centers form a series of increases: SIC and UIC → KCSP → KBCM. With the exception of UMPP, in all industrial centers, the ratio “Chl <i>a</i>/Chl <i>b</i>” demonstrates the absence of differences between pollution and control, which characterizes the stable balance of chlorophylls, but in conditions of copper-pyrite dumps, a decrease in the share of Chl <i>a</i> with an increase in the share of Chl <i>b</i> is observed, which defines this type of pollution as a more significant stress factor for pine. The ratio “(Chl <i>a</i> + Chl <i>b</i>)/Carotenoids” is characterized by a lack of balance in all types of pollution, and pollution in the UMPP and SIC is defined as a more significant stress factors for pine.</p>

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Adaptive Reactions of Pigment Complex of Pine Needles in Conditions of Various Types of Pollution of the South Ural Region

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月1日

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  • A. A. Urazbahtin,
  • R. V. Urazgil’din

摘要

Abstract

A qualitative assessment of the adaptive reactions of the pine needles pigment complex under conditions of various types of industrial pollution of the South Ural region is given. The study area: Sterlitamak Industrial Center (SIC, aerotechnogenic polymetallic pollution), Karabash Copper Smelting Plant (KCSP, aerotechnogenic polymetallic pollution combined with sulfur dioxide), Uchaly Mining and Processing Plant (UMPP, polymetallic pollution in the conditions of dumps of copper-pyrite mining industry), Kumertau brown coal mine (KBCM, polymetallic pollution in the conditions of dumps of brown coal industry), Ufa Industrial Center (UIC, aerotechnogenic petrochemical pollution). The pigment complex balance under UMPP conditions and imbalance under SIC, KCSP, KBCM and UIC conditions is shown, which is expressed in the lack of coherence between the adaptive reactions of pigments and pigment ratios. The consistency between adaptive reactions of pigments and pigment ratios under UMPP conditions and the lack of consistency under SIC, KCSP, KBCM, and UIC conditions is shown. Despite the lack of consistency, a common adaptive reaction is clearly distinguished for each industrial center: in the SIC and KCSP, the pigment complex is characterized by a “neutral” adaptive reaction; in the KBCM, by a “moderately tolerant” adaptive reaction; in the UIC, by a “tolerant” adaptive reaction; in the UMPP, by a “moderately stressful” adaptive reaction. According to the degree of increase in imbalance in the pigment complex, the industrial centers form a series of increases: SIC and UIC → KCSP → KBCM. With the exception of UMPP, in all industrial centers, the ratio “Chl a/Chl b” demonstrates the absence of differences between pollution and control, which characterizes the stable balance of chlorophylls, but in conditions of copper-pyrite dumps, a decrease in the share of Chl a with an increase in the share of Chl b is observed, which defines this type of pollution as a more significant stress factor for pine. The ratio “(Chl a + Chl b)/Carotenoids” is characterized by a lack of balance in all types of pollution, and pollution in the UMPP and SIC is defined as a more significant stress factors for pine.