Apple Scab: Resistance to Chemical Fungicides

This review covers the situation with resistance to various systemic fungicides being developed in Venturia inaequalis worldwide and in Russia assessing the prospects for their further use. Information is provided about all fungicides used in Russia against apple scab and their efficacy at this point in time and each chemical class is described. Data are presented on the mechanisms of resistance to chemicals in the pathogen including at the molecular level. The problem of resistance of V. inaequalis and ways of solving it at the present level of scientific knowledge are discussed.