Abstract <p>The electroplastic effect in aluminum and its alloys is reviewed. The electroplastic effect is a phenomenon of a decrease in the strain resistance of a metal and an increase in its ductility under the action of a high-density electric current. The main methods of electroplastic processing are described, including the use of pulsed currents and external heating. The factors governing the kinetics of electroplastic strain and various physical effects influencing this process are discussed. The results of the molecular dynamics modeling and fractographic analysis are considered, which confirm the important role of the stress-induced grain growth in plastic straining of nanocrystalline metals and alloys.</p>