Abstract <p>Fiber optic gyroscopes are one of the main categories of optical gyroscopes, finding wider applications in inertial sensing and navigation through the measurement of angular velocity. Over the past few decades, the research on fiber optic gyroscopes competes with the state-of-the-art technologies in every aspect of its design based on different applications. Though the concept of optical gyroscopes started to unfold a century back, research on this is blooming to find the alternative strategy in structure for one another, with a range of classified designs and performance improvement techniques to work on. Among the types of fiber optic gyroscopes, the interferometric type finds place in most of the navigation applications in land, military, avionics and marine. The design perspectives include the choice of source, the fiber coiling pattern, the phase modulators, the signal processing techniques and, most prominently, the integrated optics at different levels. This paper presents an exhaustive review on the fiber optic gyroscopes design and development techniques.</p>