Simulation of Propagation of Video Pulse Signals of GPR in the Earth’s Lithosphere

This paper presents the results of modeling the propagation of inharmonic signals from an antenna located on the Earth’s surface through the upper layer of the lithosphere and the reflection of these signals from various inhomogeneities in the lithosphere in the case when a video pulse signal of a special form is applied to the antenna. The model used in this study is based on an explicit scheme of numerical integration of Maxwell’s equations. In this scheme, the electric and magnetic fields are calculated at the same time points in the same nodes of the spatial grid and splitting in spatial directions and physical processes is also used. The paper studies what information about the nature of the heterogeneity of the lithosphere can be extracted from the shape of the reflected signal. The influence of the parameters of the video pulse signal on the amplitude and shape of the signals reflected from typical inhomogeneities of the lithosphere is also investigated. It is shown that some types of inhomogeneities can be determined by the shape of the reflected signal.