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Abstract <p>The contamination level of tailings storage substrates of the Altai Mining and Processing Plant (AMPP), the soils of their reclaimed surfaces, and the soils located in the zone of technogenic impact by major ore and associated elements are investigated. Heavy metals in the upper horizons of soils and grounds are determined using atomic absorption spectrometry. Single pollution indices and complex soil contamination indices of the territory are calculated. A comparison with 18-year-old data is made. It is found that the contents of metal in the upper layers of dumps (in areas where at least one plant species grows) and in the soils of adjacent landscapes vary widely: Zn from 164 to 1287 mg/kg, Cd from 0.50 to 6.97 mg/kg, Cu from 67 to 1516 mg/kg, and Pb from 69 to 1827 mg/kg, and they significantly exceed the background values. The highest concentrations of Zn and Cd were detected in the substrate on the surface of the new dump near an unauthorized household waste site. The highest Cu and Pb concentrations (tens of times exceeding the background contents in the chernozems of Northwest Altai) are found in meadow soils of landscapes geochemically associated with dumps containing toxic material washed up from the eroded sides of the tailings ponds. Their upper horizons are characterized by extremely hazardous (Zc = 165) and high (Zc = 79) levels of total metal contamination. High metal contamination (especially Cd and Pb) is established for the upper horizon of ordinary chernozem at a distance of 2 km from the dumps to the north, in the direction of the southern winds prevailing in the region, which is explained by additional airborne dust saturated with heavy metals brought to this territory from the unreclaimed surfaces of the AMPP dumps. The lowest single pollution indexes of soil and substrate and the smallest proportion of samples with their high values are established for zinc. Pollution of soils and substrates of tailings with lead and copper, judging by single pollution indexes, is the most significant. Compared to 2005, a decrease is noted in the concentration of heavy metals in the substrates of dumps of those areas where plants grow.</p>

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Ecological Assessment of the Contamination Level of Soils and Substrates in the Mining Landscapes of Northwestern Altai with Key Heavy Metals

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月27日

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  • S. V. Baboshkina,
  • A. V. Puzanov,
  • T. A. Rozhdestvenskaya,
  • I. A. Troshkova

摘要

Abstract

The contamination level of tailings storage substrates of the Altai Mining and Processing Plant (AMPP), the soils of their reclaimed surfaces, and the soils located in the zone of technogenic impact by major ore and associated elements are investigated. Heavy metals in the upper horizons of soils and grounds are determined using atomic absorption spectrometry. Single pollution indices and complex soil contamination indices of the territory are calculated. A comparison with 18-year-old data is made. It is found that the contents of metal in the upper layers of dumps (in areas where at least one plant species grows) and in the soils of adjacent landscapes vary widely: Zn from 164 to 1287 mg/kg, Cd from 0.50 to 6.97 mg/kg, Cu from 67 to 1516 mg/kg, and Pb from 69 to 1827 mg/kg, and they significantly exceed the background values. The highest concentrations of Zn and Cd were detected in the substrate on the surface of the new dump near an unauthorized household waste site. The highest Cu and Pb concentrations (tens of times exceeding the background contents in the chernozems of Northwest Altai) are found in meadow soils of landscapes geochemically associated with dumps containing toxic material washed up from the eroded sides of the tailings ponds. Their upper horizons are characterized by extremely hazardous (Zc = 165) and high (Zc = 79) levels of total metal contamination. High metal contamination (especially Cd and Pb) is established for the upper horizon of ordinary chernozem at a distance of 2 km from the dumps to the north, in the direction of the southern winds prevailing in the region, which is explained by additional airborne dust saturated with heavy metals brought to this territory from the unreclaimed surfaces of the AMPP dumps. The lowest single pollution indexes of soil and substrate and the smallest proportion of samples with their high values are established for zinc. Pollution of soils and substrates of tailings with lead and copper, judging by single pollution indexes, is the most significant. Compared to 2005, a decrease is noted in the concentration of heavy metals in the substrates of dumps of those areas where plants grow.