Abstract <p>The article identifies the trends and features of spatial development of the Trans-Siberian Economic Corridor within the Siberian Federal District (the territories of Omsk, Novosibirsk, and Kemerovo Oblasts, Krasnoyarsk Krai, and Irkutsk Oblast). The economic corridor is considered as a set of municipalities at the levels of urban okrugs and municipal districts formed along the Trans-Siberian multimodal transport route, the core of which is the railway. The study uses statistical, cartographic, and comparative geographical methods. Based on statistical and cartographic sources, several types of municipalities are identified in the Trans-Siberian Corridor, namely: regional centers, suburban municipalities (within urban agglomerations), and peripheral municipalities. Rural settlement zones and major urbanized areas in areas of maximum population concentration are identified. Thus, the demographic potential of the Trans-Siberian Economic Corridor constitutes more than half of the population of the corresponding regions. The area’s municipalities are ranked in terms of industrial output; their industrial specializations are established. The mutual influence of the development level, the industrial specialization, the distribution of productive forces, the demographic situation, and the transformation of settlement patterns is assessed. The geographical aspects of spatial development are expressed in the form of strengthening of two partially overlapping gradients of population and production concentration, namely mainline-margin and center-periphery gradients. It is found that agglomeration effects predominate over mainline effects. The agglomeration effects are particularly pronounced in the example of the concentration of residential construction in regional centers and their suburban areas. The study, limited to the territories of the Siberian Federal District, provides an understanding of the spatial development of the most populated and economically diversified part of the Trans-Siberian Economic Corridor. Further territorial expansion of the research can achieve coverage of the spatial development of the entire Trans-Siberian Economic Corridor.</p>