Abstract <p>Acute or chronic stress can damage the nervous system or induce inflammation. Noise is known to negatively affect learning, memory, and neurogenesis. Many studies have induced stress through long-duration noise exposure and observed its subsequent effects. However, no studies have examined the impact of repeated short noise exposure on stress. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effects of stress induced by repeated short-duration noise exposure on blood corticosterone levels and the activity of astrocytes and microglial cells in the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA), the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus (DG), and the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN). Experimental animals were divided into control and noise exposure groups (5, 10, and 15 kHz, for a total of 6 min), with each group further subdivided into 1-day and 14-day exposure to noise groups. After the noise exposure period, blood samples were collected, and the rats were sacrificed for perfusion fixation. Immunohistochemical staining of GFAP and Iba-1 was performed in the CeA, DG, and PVN. The results showed a significant increase in blood corticosterone levels in the 14-day noise exposure group. Immunoreactivity for GFAP and Iba-1 was also elevated in the CeA, DG, and PVN after 14 days of repeated noise exposure. These findings suggest that repeated noise exposure over 14 days may elevate corticosterone release and increase the activity of astrocytes and microglial cells in brain regions associated with stress responses.</p>