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Abstract <p>The radial uneven distribution of the liquid phase in trickle beds significantly impacts mass transfer, heat transfer, and reaction efficiency. This study addresses the gap in optimizing gas-liquid distributors for enhanced radial uniformity, particularly in high gas-liquid ratio, low spray density, multiphase exothermic reaction systems. Using CFD simulations, a quasi-homogeneous model was combined with bulk chemical reaction and porous media models to simulate the catalytic process in industrial trickle beds. The effects of various chimney structures in liquid and gas-liquid distributors on radial velocity, composition, and temperature distribution were analyzed. Key findings reveal that coil-type distributors outperform grid-type and perforated designs in terms of overflow liquid layer performance. Additionally, the four-leaf quincunx chimney structure provides superior radial uniformity compared to the eight-leaf and windmill-type outlets. The study’s results contribute to the safer operation and optimized design of trickle bed reactors for highly exothermic reactions.</p>

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Radial Uniformity in Trickle Beds: CFD Insights into Gas-Liquid Distributor Design at Industrial Scale

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月1日

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  • Peng Yan,
  • Zeqi Chen,
  • Bowen Zhao,
  • Xueli Geng,
  • Xin Gao,
  • Liyan Liu,
  • Haibo Jin

摘要

Abstract

The radial uneven distribution of the liquid phase in trickle beds significantly impacts mass transfer, heat transfer, and reaction efficiency. This study addresses the gap in optimizing gas-liquid distributors for enhanced radial uniformity, particularly in high gas-liquid ratio, low spray density, multiphase exothermic reaction systems. Using CFD simulations, a quasi-homogeneous model was combined with bulk chemical reaction and porous media models to simulate the catalytic process in industrial trickle beds. The effects of various chimney structures in liquid and gas-liquid distributors on radial velocity, composition, and temperature distribution were analyzed. Key findings reveal that coil-type distributors outperform grid-type and perforated designs in terms of overflow liquid layer performance. Additionally, the four-leaf quincunx chimney structure provides superior radial uniformity compared to the eight-leaf and windmill-type outlets. The study’s results contribute to the safer operation and optimized design of trickle bed reactors for highly exothermic reactions.