Study of the Modifying Effect of 1-β-D-Arabinofuranosyl Cytosine on the Immune Status of Rats in the Long Period under the Exposure to Protons

The effect of the combined use of protons at a dose of 3 Gy and 1-β-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (Ara-C) on the physiological parameters of immunocompetent organs on the 90th day was studied: the weight of the spleen, thymus, total leukocyte count, and leukogram were examined. A significant decrease in thymus mass was established under the combined action of protons and Ara-C; a trend was observed in all experimental groups towards a decrease in spleen weight compared to the reference group. A statistically significant increase in the number of leukocytes in the “Ara-C” group was revealed, without differences in their types distribution during visual differentiated counting. It is concluded that further research of combined use of the DNA replication and Ara-C repair inhibitor and various types of ionizing radiation may be a promising way for extending the therapeutic capabilities of oncological practice.