Abstract <p>This article presents the results of a study of the relationship between the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of foam glass using complex numerical modeling of thermal processes and the stress–strain state (SSS) of the material. The density of foam glass demonstrates a linear dependence on the formation of residual stresses. It is established that the porosity of foam glass leads to the formation of significant temperature gradients in the area of contact between the foam glass matrix and the gas. The average pore diameter has the greatest impact, while the annealing speed has the least effect. Analysis of the dependence of stress on the temperature and cooling rate shows that the stress in the pores is significantly lower than in the foam glass matrix. The distribution of residual stresses has a parabolic configuration with maxima in the central region. Validation of the numerical simulation by comparing theoretical predictions with the experimental data confirms the correctness of the obtained results.</p>