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Abstract <p>Scheelite (CaWO<sub>4</sub>) is a major ore mineral of the Vostok-2 skarn deposit, which is located in Primorsky krai and confined to the Central Sikhote-Alin fault. Two dominant ore types are recognized on the basis of mineral composition and geochemical characteristics: skarn and vein quartz. The work presents the results of a comprehensive study (mineragraphy, cathodoluminescence, X-ray microanalysis, and laser ablation inductively couple plasma mass spectrometry) of scheelite. Its internal structure, cathodoluminescence, UF radiation, trace element content, Eu/Eu* ratio, and a rare-earth element (REE) pattern are the key indicators of mineral formation. These features allowed us to reveal various REE incorporations in structure of scheelite from skarn ores and quartz veins: 3Ca<sup>2+</sup> ↔ 2REE<sup>3+</sup> + <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11477_2025_9368_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="15" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\square \)</EquationSource> <!--GeolOre2460038Keshikov-m1--> </InlineEquation> and Ca<sup>2+</sup> + W<sup>6+</sup> ↔ REE<sup>3+</sup> + Nb<sup>5+</sup>, respectively (where <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11477_2025_9368_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="15" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\square \)</EquationSource> <!--GeolOre2460038Keshikov-m2--> </InlineEquation> is the vacancy in the Ca site). Three scheelite types are distinguished from specific REE pattern and their temporal relations are established. Because scheelite inherits the REEs from a mineral-forming medium, we showed the process of the evolution of ore-forming fluid, the pulsating character of the contribution of the matter, and its common source. The reducing mineral formation conditions are proven for the deposit in general.</p>

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Mineralogical and Geochemical Characteristics of Scheelite from the Vostok 2 Au–Bi–Cu–W Skarn Deposit, Primorsky Krai

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月1日

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  • A. E. Keshikov,
  • P. A. Nevolko,
  • D. V. Bondarchuk

摘要

Abstract

Scheelite (CaWO4) is a major ore mineral of the Vostok-2 skarn deposit, which is located in Primorsky krai and confined to the Central Sikhote-Alin fault. Two dominant ore types are recognized on the basis of mineral composition and geochemical characteristics: skarn and vein quartz. The work presents the results of a comprehensive study (mineragraphy, cathodoluminescence, X-ray microanalysis, and laser ablation inductively couple plasma mass spectrometry) of scheelite. Its internal structure, cathodoluminescence, UF radiation, trace element content, Eu/Eu* ratio, and a rare-earth element (REE) pattern are the key indicators of mineral formation. These features allowed us to reveal various REE incorporations in structure of scheelite from skarn ores and quartz veins: 3Ca2+ ↔ 2REE3+ + \(\square \) and Ca2+ + W6+ ↔ REE3+ + Nb5+, respectively (where \(\square \) is the vacancy in the Ca site). Three scheelite types are distinguished from specific REE pattern and their temporal relations are established. Because scheelite inherits the REEs from a mineral-forming medium, we showed the process of the evolution of ore-forming fluid, the pulsating character of the contribution of the matter, and its common source. The reducing mineral formation conditions are proven for the deposit in general.