Novel Thiazolinone Derivatives: Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and In Silico Studies

A series of novel thiazolinone derivatives have been synthesized and characterized, and their biological activities have been studied. The title compounds were synthesized by condensation of different aldehydes 11a–11e with thiosemicarbazide to give thiosemicarbazones 12a–12e, which were cyclized with ethyl bromoacetate in the presence of sodium acetate to afford new thiazolinone derivatives 13a–13e. The structure of all newly synthesized compounds was elucidated by elemental analysis and FT–IR and multinuclear NMR (¹H and ¹³C) spectroscopy. Newly synthesized compounds 13a–13e showed weak or no antimicrobial activity against bacterial strains Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus and fungal strain Candida albicans. Furthermore, the ADME properties of compounds 13a–13e were examined, and derivatives 13a and 13b but not 13c–13e were found to conform to Lipinskiʼs and Veberʼs rules without violations. The promising compounds 13a and 13b were docked against EGFR and VEGFR-2 binding sites with reduced energy scores, higher fitting, and stability.