Adsorption and Advanced Oxidation Processes for Sustainable Treatment of Oil Produced Water and Organic Wastewater. A Review

Wastewater contaminated with oil and organic materials, also known as oily wastewater (OW), is commonly produced in both industrial and residential settings. This type of wastewater typically contains fats, oils, and greases, along with petroleum-based substances like diesel oil, gasoline, and kerosene. OW is regarded as a severe threat to humans, plants, and animals in special and the environment generally, jeopardizing ecosystems. There is an increasing demand for efficient treatment techniques due to the increased OW worldwide discharge and stringent limits on effluent discharge. Traditional approaches have proven to be inefficient, costly, and time-consuming, often resulting in secondary pollution. The adsorption technique, on the other hand, is thought to be a more practical choice because of its ease of use, cheaper startup costs, and reduced need for land. With better separation efficiency and lower operating costs, the adsorption technique has become a viable option for treating OW. The development of super adsorbents with high adsorption capacities has further enhanced the effectiveness of this method. Advanced technologies in adsorption are constantly evolving to meet the current and future demands of OW treatment.