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Abstract <p>This article presents a simple method for synthesizing 2-arylquinoxalines by the condensation of substituted phenacyl bromides with <i>o</i>-phenylenediamines, catalyzed by carbon microspheres decorated with copper nanoparticles as a reusable heterogeneous catalyst. This approach is advantageous due to its environmentally friendly nature, high yield, reduced reaction time, low cost, mild reaction conditions, use of a recyclable heterogeneous catalyst, and simple workup procedure. The catalyst can be easily recovered from the reaction mixture by simple filtration and can be reused up to five catalytic cycles without a significant decrease in catalytic performance, which makes the developed protocol efficient and economical.</p>

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Environment-Friendly and Efficient Synthesis of 2-Aryl Quinoxalines by Using Carbon Microspheres Decorated with Copper Nanoparticles as a Heterogeneous Nanocatalyst

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月2日

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  • Anand V. Dhirbassi,
  • Adinath D. Dhole,
  • Vitthal G. Kale,
  • Sushama S. Kauthale,
  • László Kótai,
  • Rajendra P. Pawar,
  • Sunil U. Tekale

摘要

Abstract

This article presents a simple method for synthesizing 2-arylquinoxalines by the condensation of substituted phenacyl bromides with o-phenylenediamines, catalyzed by carbon microspheres decorated with copper nanoparticles as a reusable heterogeneous catalyst. This approach is advantageous due to its environmentally friendly nature, high yield, reduced reaction time, low cost, mild reaction conditions, use of a recyclable heterogeneous catalyst, and simple workup procedure. The catalyst can be easily recovered from the reaction mixture by simple filtration and can be reused up to five catalytic cycles without a significant decrease in catalytic performance, which makes the developed protocol efficient and economical.