Synthesis of PLGA Nanoparticles Filled with Indocyanine Green and Warfarin for Biomedical Application, Study of Their Physical and Chemical Characteristics, Natural Biodistribution and Penetration through the Hematoplacental Barrier

Warfarin, the drug containing the chemical substance of the same name, currently is not prescribed to pregnant women because it crosses the hematoplacental barrier. This issue can be eliminated by incorporating it into polymer nanospheres. In this study, we have proposed a synthesis method and have characterized the prepared lactic-glycolic acid copolymer (PLGA) nanospheres containing warfarin (WAF) and the fluorescent dye Indocyanine Green (ICG). The optimal concentration of WAF has been established. The dependence of the nanospheres size on the reagents ratio has been investigated. The zeta potential values have been obtained, indicating high colloidal stability of the suspensions. The introduction of ICG into the nanospheres has afforded the data on their natural biodistribution. It has been found by means of fluorescence tomography that most of the nanospheres are retained in the heart and lungs. No accumulation in fetuses and placenta has been detected.