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Abstract <p>The long-term (2001, 2010, and 2023) dynamics of the structure of epiphytic lichen communities on birch trunks were analyzed following the reduction of emissions from the Karabash Copper Smelter (Chelyabinsk oblast, Russia). A survey conducted in 2023, 7 years after emissions nearly ceased, revealed an increase in lichen species diversity in the background and buffer zones, partly due to the emergence of highly pollution-sensitive species. At the same time, the communities of the impact area are in an impoverished state, dominated by toxic-tolerant species, whose abundance remained unchanged throughout the study period. The consistent increase in similarity between the buffer and background zones suggests that recovery has begun, though at the time of the study, it was confined to the less polluted areas.</p>

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Long-Term Dynamics of Epiphytic Lichen Communities in the Vicinity of Karabash Copper Smelter

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月1日

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  • I. N. Mikhailova,
  • O. W. Purvis,
  • I. V. Frolov

摘要

Abstract

The long-term (2001, 2010, and 2023) dynamics of the structure of epiphytic lichen communities on birch trunks were analyzed following the reduction of emissions from the Karabash Copper Smelter (Chelyabinsk oblast, Russia). A survey conducted in 2023, 7 years after emissions nearly ceased, revealed an increase in lichen species diversity in the background and buffer zones, partly due to the emergence of highly pollution-sensitive species. At the same time, the communities of the impact area are in an impoverished state, dominated by toxic-tolerant species, whose abundance remained unchanged throughout the study period. The consistent increase in similarity between the buffer and background zones suggests that recovery has begun, though at the time of the study, it was confined to the less polluted areas.