Abstract <p>Comprehensive radiological assessment of cement products manufactured and commercially available in different regions of Iraq was made. Eighteen cement samples were collected and analyzed using gamma-ray spectrometry to determine the activity concentrations of the naturally occurring radionuclides ²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th, and ⁴⁰K. The measured mean activity concentrations were 25 ± 6, 14 ± 5, and 163 ± 70 Bq/kg, respectively, all of which are below the worldwide average values recommended by UNSCEAR. Radiological hazard parameters, including radium equivalent activity (Ra_eq), absorbed gamma dose rate (<i>D</i>_γ), annual effective dose equivalent (AEDE), external and internal hazard indices (<i>H</i>_ex and <i>H</i>_in), and excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR), were evaluated to assess potential health risks associated with the use of cement as a building material. The obtained mean Ra_eq (56.8 Bq/kg) and <i>D</i>_γ (26.6 nGy/h) values are significantly lower than the recommended safety limits, indicating the low level of radiological exposure. The estimated AEDE was 0.28 mSv/year, while ELCR values remained well within acceptable limits. Correlation analysis revealed strong positive relationships between ²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th, and ⁴⁰K, suggesting a common geochemical origin of these radionuclides in cement raw materials. One sample exhibited relatively elevated ⁴⁰K activity, likely attributable to local geological characteristics or raw material composition.</p>